Abstract
Thermal characteristics of tunnel in cold regions determine whether it will be affected by frost damage. Within this context, a series of key environmental factors were recorded by filed monitoring, such as temperature, wind speed and wind direction at tunnel site. The results demonstrate that environmental factors, topography and tunnel orientation codetermine the thermal characteristics inside the tunnel. In the coldest day, the temperature of air and tunnel structure distributed in the asymmetric parabola curve except surrounding rock. Meanwhile, the temperature of surrounding rock is always positive in the whole monitoring period, which varied slightly with season. The wind speed inside the tunnel is directly affected by that outside the tunnel, especially at ends of tunnel. With the distance increasing from tunnel entrance to the exit, the frost depth and frost index first decreased and then increased. Additionally, the temperature of all monitoring points in the same section increased with the distance from the sidewall to surrounding rock. This study can provide some information about the thermal characteristics and references for design and maintenance of the cold-regional tunnels.
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