Abstract
Besides developing new electrode materials, thermal design and management also play an essential role in the discharge performance and safety of thermal batteries. Lithium-boron (Li-B) alloy and cobalt disulfide (CoS2) are electrode materials that have been successfully used in thermal batteries. However, few reports focused on the thermal analysis of thermal batteries based on the above two materials. Herein, the vital thermal parameters and characteristics of Li-B/LiF-LiCl-LiBr/CoS2 battery are obtained by experiment and modeling comparing with Li-B/LiF-LiCl-LiBr/FeS2. The results show that the activation speed of the CoS2-cathode-based cell is slower than that of FeS2-cathode-based due to its lower thermal conductivity. And the average temperature reached after activation of the CoS2-cathode-based cell is about 24 °C higher than that of FeS2-cathode-based owing to its lower specific heat. The potential temperature coefficient of Li-B/LiF-LiCl-LiBr/CoS2 battery is −0.075 mV K−1, which shows entropic heating compared with entropic cooling of Li-B/LiF-LiCl-LiBr/FeS2 battery (0.5 mV K−1). As a result, the CoS2-cathode-based battery stack is continuously heated by reversible reaction and Joule heat during discharging. These research results are expected to provide theoretical support for thermal batteries’ thermal design and management of with Li-B alloy, CoS2, and other new electrode materials.
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