Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that forms ulcerations in the mucous membrane of the colon and rectum, in which gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Agents modulating microbial dysbiosis caused by colitis can help in the remission of this disease. The current study describes the potential therapeutic effects of active metabolites from Lactobacillus rhamnosus and mare's milk which have potential therapeutic values on the intestinal microbiota and proinflammatory cytokines. The analysis of the V1-V3 16S rDNA site revealed significant changes in the intestinal microbiome composition before and after treatment in the treated group compared to the positive control group that was treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). So the effect of the study product on dextran sulfate sodium-induced dysbiosis was shown to be more potent than the positive control, 5-ASA. The level of proinflammatory cytokines also decreased under the influence of a biological product.
Highlights
The intestinal microbiome plays a key role in various aspects of human health, including nutrient digestion, mineral absorption, immune system, protection against pathogens, and production of enzymes, amino acids, and short-chain fatty acids [1, 2]
There is a continual increase in the incidence rate of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) worldwide, and that studies have estimated that the global risk of colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) to be as high as 8.7% over 10 years [5]
The results showed that colitis induction resulted in the activation of inflammatory processes, as evidenced by the significant increase in the concentration of IL-8 and TNF-α compared to healthy control (HC) animals (Figures 3(a) and 3(b))
Summary
The intestinal microbiome plays a key role in various aspects of human health, including nutrient digestion, mineral absorption, immune system, protection against pathogens, and production of enzymes, amino acids, and short-chain fatty acids [1, 2]. Compared with the microbiome of the healthy intestine, IBD patients appear to have a changed and shifted microbiome, with a decrease in bacterial diversity and shift from being beneficial to potentially harmful microbes, respectively [4]. This change in the microbiome, known as dysbiosis, appears to be the major player in prolonging the inflammation state in IBD [3]. There is a continual increase in the incidence rate of IBD worldwide, and that studies have estimated that the global risk of colectomy in patients with UC to be as high as 8.7% over 10 years [5]. Recent reports of nonresponding patients and the increase in the global incidence rate increase the need to find and explore potent and effective pharmacological therapies
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