Abstract
Tricyclic Antidepressants Including Amitriptyline (AMI), stop the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, so the levels of transmitters is elevated in the brain to lead to several side effects. Therefore, current study aimed to assay liver dysfunction that attended by AMI administration and monitoring of damiana Turnera diffuse role as adjuvant therapy to improving amitriptyline hepatic effects in male rats. 60 rats (adult, male, albino) were used divided into six groups (n = 10); 1st group, control; 2nd group, damiana; 3rd group, AMI; 4th group, co-treated AMI with damiana; 5th group, post-treated AMI with damiana and 6th group, self-healing AMI. Results showed that; AMI induces an elevation in AST, ALT and ALP; while it reduced albumin and total protein content. Besides, autoimmune liver disorders (ANA), hepatic DNA damage, p53 and PCNA protein expressions and histopathological injury were detected. However, the groups administered with damiana showed positive effects by increasing cellular response and reducing pathological changes. It concluded that treatment with AMI causes liver dysfunction, while damiana can: Protective against the toxic effects induced by AMI in rats.
Highlights
Despondency is quite possibly the most well-known illnesses among individuals, so antidepressants are perhaps the most well-known mental drugs endorsed to patients on the planet, regardless of their many results (Tondo and Baldessarini, 2016)
Rats treated with damiana in co-treated and post-treated showed significant improvement in Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and ALP activities and protein contents when compared with the AMI group
A significant increase in serum Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) levels were detected in the amitriptyline group (G3) when compared with control (G1) and damiana (G2) groups while an insignificant decrease in ANA levels in amitriptyline group when compared with self-treated amitriptyline (G6) group (Fig. 1)
Summary
Despondency is quite possibly the most well-known illnesses among individuals, so antidepressants are perhaps the most well-known mental drugs endorsed to patients on the planet, regardless of their many results (Tondo and Baldessarini, 2016). Discouragement is related with specific synthetic compounds in the cerebrum called synapses and when taking antidepressants, they decrease the seriousness of melancholy by influencing these synapses. Cyclic antidepressants assuage misery by influencing the synthetic couriers (synapses) that synapses use to speak with one another (Mika et al, 2013). The portion of AMI might be expanded for discouraged patients due to a misdiagnosis of some vague manifestations like loss of hunger, weakness, sickness and stomach torment as indications of despondency, while they are side effects of hepatic injury brought about by the amitriptyline. AMI invigorates lipid peroxidation and Receptive Oxygen Species (ROS) in liver cell layers and testicular tissues that block development because of their impedance with metabolic cycles (Bautista-Ferrufino et al, 2011; Tousson et al, 2020a)
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