Abstract
Evaluation of impact characteristics of carbon nanomaterials is very important and helpful for their application in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Furthermore, disclination lattice defects can generate out-of-plane deformation to control the mechanical behavior of carbon nanomaterials. In this study, we design novel stable wavy graphene sheets (GSs) using a technique based on origami and kirigami to control the exchange of carbon atoms and generate appropriate disclinations. The impact characteristics of these GSs are evaluated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and the accuracy of the simulation results is verified via a theoretical analysis based on continuum mechanics. In the impact tests, the C60 fullerene is employed as an impactor, and the effects of the different shapes of wavy GSs with different disclinations, different impact sites on the curved surface, and different impact velocities are examined to investigate the impact characteristics of the wavy GSs. We find that the newly designed wavy GSs increasingly resist the kinetic energy (KE) of the impactor as the disclination density is increased, and the estimated KE propagation patterns are significantly different from those of the ideal GS. Based on their enhanced performance in the impact tests, the wavy GSs possess excellent impact behavior, which should facilitate their potential application as high-impact-resistant components in advanced NEMS.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilImpact resistance is an essential evaluation criterion in material design, especially for the application of materials developed for use in aircraft, automobiles, sports products, and machine elements
The difficulty and complexity of nano-scale impact simulations has meant that impact testing of carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene sheets (GSs) [6,7,8,9] and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [10], has been performed based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, revealing the high impact resistances of both GSs and CNTs
Theoretical analysis based on continuum mechanics has enabled examination of the transverse impact response of GSs, and the results suggest that the impact velocity can significantly affect the absorption of impact energy by GSs [14,15,16]
Summary
Impact resistance is an essential evaluation criterion in material design, especially for the application of materials developed for use in aircraft, automobiles, sports products, and machine elements. Since they were first reported [1], graphene sheets (GSs) have attracted enormous interest among scholars globally. The difficulty and complexity of nano-scale impact simulations has meant that impact testing of carbon nanomaterials, such as GSs [6,7,8,9] and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [10], has been performed based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, revealing the high impact resistances of both GSs and CNTs. In addition, a numerical spring–mass model has been adopted to describe the impact behavior iations
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