Theoretical and methodological model of resilience as a basis for developing resilience development psychotechnology

Abstract

The problem of personality resilience is quite new and extremely important in today's context. The vast majority of scientists define resilience as a process of positive adaptation in the face of distress, trauma, tragedy or stress. There is some contradiction between theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of and research into resilience. Currently, scientists have come to a relative consensus on the following issues: 1) resilience is a bio-psycho-social phenomenon that encompasses personal, interpersonal and social experiences and is a natural result of different developmental processes over time; 2) depending on the subject of the study, resilience can be seen both as an inherent personal characteristic as well as a dynamic process. The analysis of modern theoretical studies has found that researchers propose to build the theoretical model of resilience using its three central components: risk factors, protective factors, and vulnerability factors. The model of resilience used by the author in her study consisted of four distinct phases: confrontation with risk factors (with traumatic events), activation of security and vulnerability factors, interaction between security and vulnerability factors, and development of resilience or mental disorders. Psychotechnology, as an algorithm of giving psychological / psychotherapeutic help, is based on a theoretical and methodological model and the phenomena that can be changed: a theoretical model, assessment, interpretation of data for determining the goals and targets of psychological / psychotherapeutic intervention, choice of appropriate interventions (methods, instruments, etc.), and testing of psychotechnology in practice. A specific set of psycho-techniques is determined by a concept of resilience (its model), the intervention targets and the theoretical preferences of the author of the model and psychotechnology.