Abstract

Using French and British archives, this article shows how and why Zanzibar was excluded from the Berlin conference through Bismarck's and Leopold's intrigues, and consequently had to submit its territorial rights on the mainland of Africa to adjudication by a delimitation commission appointed by Britain, France and Germany. Forced into giving an unfavourable report by Germany's blackmailing of France over the Comoros, the commission paved the way for a division of eastern Africa between the three powers in 1886, which was finalised by mutual agreement in 1890.

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