Abstract
Integral theory of evolutional systematics is presented in this article for the first time in contemporary science. It became formed as the science about evolution of species’ diversity and methods of investigation of it. Here is defined its object, subject, aim and method. Theoretical evolutional systematics is separated from practical systematics. Three sections are included in its content: idiographical systematics, nomothetical systematics and phylogenetical cybernetics. Idiographical systematics includes theories of descriptions (= meronomy), classifications (= taxonomy) and reconstructions of phylogenesis (= phylonomy). Nomothetical systematics includes the laws of phylogenetics, postulates of systematics, axioms and theorems of evolutional systematics in a whole, forming deductive theoretical system of evolutional systematics (DTS ES). Status of laws is added to 21 conformities to natural laws of phylogenetics. Here are formulated 6 postulates of systematics. On the base of logical investigations of laws and postulates as statements, the laws of phylogenetics are represented in form of 6 axioms and 15 theorems. Postulates of systematics are considered as 6 axioms. DTS ES is represented in the paper on the base of analysis of connections between 12 axioms. Phylogenetical cybernetics includes interpretation of the theory on the some systemic and probabilistic models of species, their classification and reconstruction of phylogenesis, the examples are present in the article. It is divided on three sections of investigations : systemology, theory of control phylogenetical transformations and theory of information processes in phylogenesis. The sections of evolutional systematics are interpreted accordingly philosophical conception of the levels of scientific knowledge. Systematics and phylogenetics are considered as two aspects of evolutional systematics as united science, reflecting its onthology (= the laws of phylogenesis) and gnosiologyl (= postulates of systematics). This solution conforms to initial definition of evolutional systematics as the science of evolution of species’ diversity and methods of its investigation and conforms the contemporary darwinism.
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