Abstract
The objective of this research is to estimate the socioeconomic and environmental value of ecosystem services produced by Agroforestry Systems of Tomé-Açu in society's perception. These systems, in addition to fruits, seeds, and nuts, provide other services that are perceived by society in the form of welfare, and are not yet sold on the market. For the analysis, the Integrated Method of Contingent Valuation was employed, which contemplates the economic, social and environmental dimensions. This approach relied in the equations modelling the Willingness to Pay for the conservation of Agroforestry Systems, and Willingness to Accept a compensation for not using these systems over other commercial production systems such as oil palm and soybean. The average value of ecosystem services in the Agroforestry Systems of Tomé-Açu in the population's perception was estimated at R$ 5.011,19 ha-1 for the Willingness to Pay and R$ 7.367,24 ha-1 for the Willingness to Accept. This indicates the importance given by the community to the benefits generated by the ecosystem services, in a magnitude higher than the market value of the Amazon rainforest and of the production systems. Therefore, the value of these services should also integrate the payment to compensate the producers that maintain these systems in the Amazon.
Highlights
Worldwide acquaintances, the Agroforestry Systems of Tomé-Açu, are referred as ASTAs, doing an allusion to the county name, are composed of crops of native or exotic woody, fruit, oil and medicinal tree species, among others, simultaneously and in the same environment (Barros et al, 2011)
The Integrated Method of Contingent Valuation was employed, which contemplates the economic, social and environmental dimensions. This approach relied in the equations modelling the Willingness to Pay for the conservation of Agroforestry Systems, and Willingness to Accept a compensation for not using these systems over other commercial production systems such as oil palm and soybean
The interviewed population agreed to participate in the survey and expressed the ability to answer questions about the benefits of agroforestry systems to the environment and welfare of the population, as well as to declare their preference regarding the conservation of ASTAs and/or replacement of these systems by other forms of land use
Summary
The Agroforestry Systems of Tomé-Açu, are referred as ASTAs, doing an allusion to the county name, are composed of crops of native or exotic woody, fruit, oil and medicinal tree species, among others, simultaneously and in the same environment (Barros et al, 2011). The dynamics and diversity of these systems, with permanent and temporary cultures, produce wood, fruits, seeds, oils, medicinal essences and many Ecosystem Services as climate regulation, as greenhouse effect gases, nutrient cycling, control of pest and diseases, in addition of generate employment and income to the rural communities along the year. These systems account for the ecosystem services produced by the natural assets of the ASTAs of rural properties in the municipality of Tomé-Açu (Barros et al, 2009; Santana et al, 2018). The interaction of fauna and flora in the ASTAs of rural properties generates a continuous flow of ecosystem services
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