Abstract
Prayer is a central element of religiosity but research has focused primarily on distinguishing its types and analyzing its functional aspect. A particularly important issue is the subjective evaluation of prayer importance, which so far has not been reflected in the form of an independent psychometric tool. This is why the goal of the presented study was to develop Prayer Importance Scale (PIS) based on Tatala’s definition of the concept. Two studies were conducted to verify reliability and validity of the tool. The proposed model was found to fit the data well. Correlations of PIS with basic parameters of religiosity: religious awareness, religious feelings, religious decisions, bond with a fellowship of believers, religious practices, religious morality, religious experience and forms of profession of faith were found to be significant. PIS can be a quick method providing information on the degree of religiosity and be used in participant selection in research studies.
Highlights
Prayer occupies a central place in the life of a Christian, it is a dialogue between a person and God (Tatala 2009)
Prayer is an expression of spiritual activity for many religions–primarily for monotheistic religions, such as Christianity, Judaism and Islam, but it has equivalents in Buddhism and Hinduism
There are attempts to create coherent definitions and operationalizations of prayer to get to know the theoretical foundations of prayer and at the same time to derive a common or methodologically reconcilable apparatus which will make it possible to compare conclusions coming from different studies
Summary
Prayer occupies a central place in the life of a Christian, it is a dialogue between a person and God (Tatala 2009). Take a form of meditation, or external, be accompanied by singing, gestures, fixed formulas or a spontaneous activity. Being a rich and diversified field of a person’s inner experience, prayer accompanies their thoughts and reveals their relation to people, things and the outside world (Tatala 2009). Ladd and Spilka (Ladd and Spilka 2002) indicate three directions of the influence of prayer resulting from cognitive connections made by the person who is praying: inwards (prayer helps with self-discovery), outwards (prayer improves the quality of social relations), as well as ‘upwards’ (focus on the relationship person-God)
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