Abstract
AbstractA pilot plant, consisting of limestone bed and sand filtration units, has been built 15 km south of Cairo to serve about 400 people. The plant comprises three limestone filter units (operated in series) and two sand filters.Operation of the pilot plant has shown that a packed limestone filter unit is a simple and cheap method of removing iron from ferruginous groundwater. The results demonstrate an iron removal rate of about 60% after passing through one 1.15−m deep limestone filter operating with a surface loading rate up to 1.4 m3/m2. h. The overall iron removal after one limestone filter followed by sand filtration was more than 90%.
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