Abstract
The incorporation of garlic meal (GM) in diets for European seabass juveniles were evaluated with a diet containing 43% protein and 17% lipid (gross energy 19kJ/g diet). Experimental diets with GM incorporation of 0, 2, 4, and 6% were fed to fish (10.60 ±0.16 g) until satiation for 60-days. Significant differences ( p<0.05 ) were recorded for growth performance, with the highest rate in the 4% GM group, followed by the control group. Improved feed conversion (FCR) and protein efficiency rates (PER) were observed in the GM4 group compared to the other treatments. Nitrogen retention as a percent of intake was highest in the in GM4 group. Significantly higher values ( p<0.05 ) were found for body protein and lipid, and lower values ( p<0.05 ) for the hepatosomatic, viscerasomatic or mesenteric fat indexes in the GM4 group compared to the other treatments. Fish fed garlic supplemented diets showed lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), but higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared to the control group with no garlic treatment. Results indicate that dietary GM inclusion of 4% can improve fish growth and nutrient utilization with an increase of fish muscle quality by elevated PUFA concentrations, and a reduction of total nitrogen excretion.
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