THE USE OF DUROC BREED FRENCH BOARS AND CANADIAN ORIGIN IN REGIONAL SYSTEM OF PORK PRODUCTION

Abstract

The aim of the research was to improve the productive qualities of pigs using boars of Duroc breed of different origin in regional breeding system, in terms of the Middle Volga region. Scientific and industrial research was carried out on the basis of «Kulikovskoe» Volsky district of Saratov region. Studied the reproductive quality of sows during three breed industrial breeding, fattening and meat quality of crossbred calves. Found that the best development of the reproductive qualities were seen in the combination of hybrid sows to boars of Duroc breed of French origin. A comprehensive indicator of the reproductive qualities of sows in this group was the highest, and the advantage compared with the other groups ranged from 6.6 to 15.5 points or from 5.0 to 12.5%. The best fattening qualities and parameters of the meat productivity had crossbred calves obtained from a combination of hybrid sows to boars of Duroc breed of canadian origin. Having the highest average daily gain (820 g), they 13.4 days or 7.6% before (the best index) reached a live weight of 100 kg, than dwukrotnie hybrid. While the cost of feed per 1 kg gain were lower to 6.1%) than in comparison groups. Crossbred carcasses of young canadian origin had the lowest thickness of back fat (with the advantage to 11%), longer carcasses (up 2.3%) and heavy hams (to 13.8%). The morphological composition of the young canadian origin possessed maximum output of the muscle tissue (62.12%) and the lowest fat (26.76%). Indexes «moznosti» and «main feature» showed the advantage of three breed cross-breed of young canadian origin on the compared groups of 2.2 -10.2% - 3.5% and 12.6%, respectively. This demonstrates the feasibility of using boars French and canadian origin in the system of three breed industrial breeding pigs to increase the effect of heterosis on the main economically useful traits in the production of pork in terms of the Middle Volga region.