The use of ACE INDEL polymorphism as a biomarker of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans with Mediterranean-style diet

Abstract

The ACE INDEL gene polymorphisms are strongly associated with CAD. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between ACE INDEL polymorphism and CAD in Turkish Cypriots whose are expected to have Mediterranean-style diet. 273 Turkish Cypriot descent volunteer subjects (186 controls and 87 CAD patients) participated in this study. Genotyping for the ACE INDEL polymorphism was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Biochemical parameters except the glucose and triglyceride lipid level were all within normal limits. Glucose level was found significant (p = 0.019) and triglyceride level was observed at the borderline for significance (p = 0.050) in participants according to WHO guidelines. With the respect to the genotype and allele distributions of ACE INDEL, the results showed statistically significant in CAD patients (p = 0.034) and not significant (p = 0.190) in controls. Haplotype analysis showed that D allele was more frequent in patients compared to controls. Thus, there is a statistically significant association with CAD disease with DD genotypes (p = 0.030) in Turkish Cypriot population.The results indicated that ACE INDEL polymorphism is an important predictor of coronary artery disease in Turkish Cypriots. Although 47% of the studied Turkish Cypriot population carry the D allele (p = 0.07), protocols should be developed for prevention strategies immediately.