The Use Efficiency of Phosphorus in Organomineral Fertilization Systems

Abstract

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to determine the agronomic, physiological and recovery efficiency of phosphorus in the transition from conventional agriculture to organic agriculture of organomineral fertilizers, which are formed by combining different levels of phosphorus fertilizers and dairy manures at different rates. Materials and Methods The study was carried out between 2019 and 2021 during the two wheat growing season in Söke county of Aydın province in the Southwest of Türkiye. In the study, excluding the control (P0), 4 different levels of phosphorus (P1:10, P2:20, P3:30, and P4:40 kg P ha−1) and 4 different doses of dairy manure (DM1:10, DM2:20, DM3:30, and DM4:40 t ha−1) and 16 different organomineral fertilizer combinations were composed. The fertilizer combinations composed were divided into four sub-organomineral fertilization systems (OMF1, OMF2, OMF3, and OMF4). The study was carried out in three replications according to the randomized block design. Results In the study, according to the averages of both years, the highest agronomic, physiological and recovery efficiency (AE, PE, and RE) was determined as 29.5 kg kg−1, 175.0 kg kg−1 and 16.9% in DM1P1 application (OMF1 system), respectively. The lowest agronomic, physiological and recovery efficiency were recorded as 21.2 kg kg−1, 163.4 kg kg−1 and 13.0% in DM4P4 application (OMF4 system), respectively. As a result, organomineral fertilizers reduced the agronomic, physiological and recovery efficiency of phosphorus by 28.1%, 8.2% and 23.1%, respectively. Conclusions Finally, it was concluded that the fertilizer use efficiency increased as the amount of phosphorus applied to compose with organomineral fertilizers decreased.