Abstract
The North Korean nuclear weapons programme has been a thorn in the US side dating back to the early 1990s. The programme is a threat to the US, to the non-proliferation regime, and to potential nuclear proliferation in Northeast Asia. Even though four successive US presidents, namely Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump, have signed agreements to cap and rollback the nuclear programme, North Korea has continued to develop it. The US has offered to normalize diplomatic relations, a peace regime for the Korean Peninsula, and economic support. Washington has tried both bilateral and multilateral talks. It has also used sanctions to pressure North Korea into giving up its weapons programme. And under Trump, Washington also threatened a strike on North Korea. But the fear of invasion and domestic pressure leading to regime collapse has led Pyongyang to prefer to keep its nuclear weapons programme. Unless the US settles for life with a nuclear North Korea for the foreseeable future and both Washington and Pyongyang change their respective calculus, the North Korean nuclear issue will continue to remain unresolved.
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