Abstract
Attachment and specific binding to the receptor on the host cell surface is the first step in the process of bacteriophage infection. The lytic phage VP2 is used in phage subtyping of the Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor of the O1 serogroup; however, its infection mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to identify its receptor on V. cholerae. The outer membrane protein EpsD in the type II secretory system (T2SS) was found to be related to VP2-specific adsorption to V. cholerae, and the T2SS inner membrane protein EpsM had a role in successful VP2 infection, although it was not related to adsorption of VP2. The tail fiber protein gp20 of VP2 directly interacts with EpsD. Therefore, we found that in V. cholerae, in addition to the roles of the T2SS as the transport apparatus of cholera toxin secretion and filamentous phage release, the T2SS is also used as the receptor for phage infection and probably as the channel for phage DNA injection. Our study expands the understanding of the roles of the T2SS in bacteria.
Highlights
Cholera is a severe intestinal infectious disease caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, which still seriously attacks human health in undeveloped countries
Our study revealed a new role of T2SS, which is a common cross-membrane apparatus in many bacteria, and present a new insight for the function of this transporter
Components of the Type II Secretion System Were Involved in VP2 Infection
Summary
Cholera is a severe intestinal infectious disease caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, which still seriously attacks human health in undeveloped countries. V. cholerae can be divided into more than 200 serogroups according to the diversity of surface O antigens; currently, only toxigenic O1 and O139 serogroup strains are believed to cause cholera epidemics or pandemics (Faruque et al, 1998), and O1 strains can be further classified into classical biotype and El Tor biotype. Bacteriophage or phage is a general term for viruses that can infect bacteria, causing lysis or lysogenic conversion of the infected bacterial host according to the characteristics of virulent or lytic phages and temperate phages (Hatfull and Hendrix, 2011; Salmond and Fineran, 2015). Interactions between phages and bacteria result in the modulation and biodiversity of bacterial communities in
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