The Trends of Physical and Functional Indicators of Junior Elite High Performance Traditional Karate Do Athletes during Transitional Period

Abstract

While preparing high performance karate do athletes and aiming for the highest results at international competitions, the training of athletes is based on the fundamental sport training elements. It is relevant to know how athletes’ body functions change during all periods of training, however we have the least knowledge of how the qualification of athletes varies during a transitional period. A relevant goal for the transitional period is to create right conditions so that athletes’ body system would recover after great physical and psychological strains experienced at training sessions and competitions. It is also important to ensure that athletes’ physical, functional and technical qualification wouldn‘t decrease at a large scale during the transitional period. The aim of the study was to examine high performance level traditional karate do athletes’ changes in physical development, physical and functional capacity during the transitional period. To pursue the above stated aim, these methods of research were used: diagnostic analyses identified somatometric and physiometric indicators of physical development, also indicators of anaerobic alactic muscle capacity, psychomotoric functions and physical performance. After generalizing the survey data it was determined to form only one sample of the research subjects. The results of research were processed by mathematical statistics methods. We found that during the transitional period the functional capacity of circulatory and respiratory systems had a tendency to improve, psychomotoric reaction time and movement frequency during the time of research didn‘t change. At significantly increased height of maximal jump and a shortened time of take-off, it was seen a tendency of one-time‘s muscle contraction power growth. The indicators of a short muscle action power didn‘t change. This shows that the transitional period didn‘t have a significant influence on functional and physical capacity of athletes‘ body systems. After summer holidays most athletes start preparatory period having a good physical and functional capacity that makes the training at a preparatory period easier. Keywords: adaptation, physical load, muscle power, annual cycle, activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/sm.2017.8