Abstract
Microbubble disease observed in cellulose acetate microfilm is accompanied by the production of vinegar syndrome, which affects the image integrity. In the present study, samples of cellulose acetate microfilm with microbubble disease were selected to investigate potential treatment methods. Samples were sourced from the Republic of China (AD 1912–1949) microfilm collections held in the Second Historical Archives of China. A combination of optical microscopy and a stainless-steel needle was used to remove plasticizer exudation within microbubbles. The plasticizer was effectively removed by infiltrating butan-1-ol into the microbubble from a small hole made by the stainless-steel needle. SEM and confocal microscopy were used to study the morphology and roughness of the internal surface of the microbubbles. It was found that the blurry image could be attributed to light scattering from the rough surface. Ethyl cellulose was used to fill the interior of the microbubble to obtain a clearer image. To determine the protective potential of this filling material, the chemical and mechanical properties of coated film after dry heat, hygrothermal and UV accelerated ageing were measured. Based on the above-mentioned results, it is encouraging that a new microrepair method and its corresponding method are offered in film treatment work.
Highlights
Cellulose acetate (CA) was regarded to be a versatile material, at the beginning of the twentieth century, as it was a safer alternative to the highly flammable cellulose nitrate used in textiles, food, tool handles, and so on [1,2,3]
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of internal surface of the microbubble after removing the protective layer and plasticizer (Fig. 3c)
The area ratio of interface expansion (Sdr) of microbubble interface is 0.455 after cleaned, whereas it Conclusion In summary, a method to treat microbubble disease was investigated using a combination of stainlesssteel needle and optical microscopy for the first time
Summary
Cellulose acetate (CA) was regarded to be a versatile material, at the beginning of the twentieth century, as it was a safer alternative to the highly flammable cellulose nitrate used in textiles, food, tool handles, and so on [1,2,3]. The stability of cellulose acetate film is affected by the chemical properties of the material and its preservation environment, a major cause of deterioration attributed to hydrolysis of the ester side chain leading to deacylation [6, 7]. This process releases acetic acid, its concentration increasing within the tightly. We have studied the causes of microbubble diseases of cellulose acetate microfilm located in the collections of the Second Historical Archives of China [15]. The results showed that microbubble disease is accompanied by the production of vinegar syndrome. The crystals inside the microbubbles were found to be plasticizer and resulted in the image appearing blurry, significantly
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