The Tradition of the Pilgrimage to the Tomb of Mbah Priok in North Jakarta, Indonesia: A Socio-Economic Study from a Religious Perspective

This paper discusses how the religious life in Indonesia in the perspective of postmodernism. This paper is a literature study with information taken from secondary data. Today, religious issues are increasingly difficult to understand and complicated. Physical to structural violence often appears in religious life in Indonesia. The existing pluralistic conditions also affect the aspect of harmony. This is what causes religious consistency to be disrupted, although not all of them lead to conflict, there are still people who uphold tolerance so that religious harmony can be maintained. Human inclination towards religion is due to human nature. However, sometimes there are what are commonly referred to as deviations and conflicts. These conditions ultimately lead to religious intolerance. The case that has occurred is the fact that the existing dialectical path is difficult to find a middle point. Postmodernism offers an attitude of "tolerance" by respecting the existence of religious plurality. This research contributes ideas for religious studies that continue to develop according to the conditions of the times through the view of the postmodernism paradigm.

This community-based engagement study aims to strengthen the understanding and practices of religious moderation as a form of social capital supporting sustainable national development. Religious moderation is conceptualized not merely as a normative ideal, but as lived religious attitudes and practices that must be continuously internalized, particularly among Islamic boarding school students (santri) as future religious leaders. Baitul Mustaqim Islamic Boarding School was selected due to its strategic role in shaping students’ religious perspectives and social engagement. The program seeks to enhance both conceptual understanding and practical implementation of religious moderation, enabling santri to promote inclusive, tolerant, and balanced religious values within plural social contexts. An Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach was employed, emphasizing the identification and mobilization of existing assets, capacities, and strengths within the pesantren community. This participatory approach positions santri as active agents of change rather than passive recipients. Educational activities included Building Learning Commitment (BLC), an overview of religious life in Indonesia, the conceptual framework and indicators of religious moderation, and leadership and pioneering roles of santri. Program effectiveness was assessed using pre-test and post-test instruments. The results show a significant improvement in students’ understanding of religious moderation, increasing from 85.5% in the pre-test to 100% in the post-test. Students’ perception of moderation as a balanced religious attitude also increased from 60.0% to 89.3%. These findings demonstrate that an ABCD-based educational program effectively strengthens religious moderation in pesantren settings and offers a participatory model that can be replicated in similar community engagement initiatives.

Hindus believe that Ngaben facilitates and speeds up the process of liberating the soul of the sarira (smooth body) and the stula of the sarira (rough body). The Ngaben held in DKI Jakarta is different from Hindus in Bali. The aim of the research is to reveal the values contained in each pitra yadnya/Ngaben ceremony, especially for Hindus in North Jakarta. That its implementation is based on Vedic teachings, very flexible/adjustable to local conditions (Village, Kala, Patra). The Ngaben ceremony is a ritual that must be carried out even in overseas areas, according to local conditions and alignment of intent communications. The research was planned using a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative research methodology and an ethnographic research design of communication. In this approach, the researcher collects data and information through in-depth interviews and participatory observation from various sources who have knowledge and experience in implementing Ngaben in North Jakarta. The main focus is related to the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols used in the Ngaben ritual. The theoretical basis used by researchers is ritual communication and socio- cultural theory. The Ngaben ceremony held by the Banjar Hindu community in North Jakarta has a very high social aspect. The number of stages and series of ceremonies and the number of ceremonial equipment used to create social interaction in the ritual.

Ukraine has very old Orthodox religious traditions, as well as a long and stormy history of Orthodox pilgrimage. Just like in Spain and Italy, where pilgrimage routes in Santiago de Compostela and Via Francigena are popular today, Ukraine should popularize its own pilgrimage history. Numerous ancient holy places and shrines of Russia, Cossacks period, the Ukrainian lands under the Russian Empire, the Soviet period are waiting for their pilgrims today. Despite the growing interest in religious travel, there is no analysis of Orthodox religious traditions and the history of Orthodox pilgrimage in Ukraine in historiography. Only certain issues of the problem are covered, mainly on the history of religion. Religious journeys has a long tradition. This is not a new phenomenon. Orthodox religious traditions in Ukraine are very old and are associated with the development of the main religion – Orthodoxy. The pilgrimage has been rapidly intensified and has received a legal framework since the days of Kievan Rus and until the present days. Many prominent pilgrims are known in the history of Ukraine. Among of them: the Kiev Grand Duchess Olga the Monk Anthony of Caves, Varlaam Pechersky, Saint Ephraim of the Caves, bishop of Pereyaslav, Vasyl Hryhorovych-Barskyi and others.Since ancient times, Ukrainians can be proud of their immemorial shrines, which attracted many pilgrims. Among them: the saints canonized in Kievan Rus’, the Kiev-Pechersky Monastery and many others. The tradition of Orthodox pilgrimage has become an integral part of the life of the Ukrainian people, despite the numerous obstacles that have arisen in the historical development of Ukraine. The full history of the Orthodox pilgrimage can not be analyzed in one article. There are many more questions that need to be discussed. It is necessary to pay attention to other religions and their traditions of pilgrimage in the history of Ukraine, as they developed in close cooperation with Orthodoxy in the territory of Ukraine.

This study looks into the parenting beliefs and behavior of female Japanese immigrants, who have stayed in Korea for more than 20 years, and attempts to explore factors for their distinct parenting style compared to their Korean counterparts. In Korea and Japan, a mother’s parenting is seen as crucial, while paternal responsibility is considered minimal. There are few studies that look into parenting patterns of Japanese immigrant women in Korea, especially from the perspective of their children. The study is based on in-depth interviews and participant observation in 2014 with 21 young Japanese-Korean adults recruited through snowball sampling. In raising children, the priorities of mothers were not academic but instead focused on children’s autonomy, wholesome personality, religiosity, various life experiences, maintaining health, and non-intervention. The mothers’ own cultural background and strong Japanese identity, limited interaction with Korean mothers or exclusive interaction with Japanese mothers, the role of the father figure as only a breadwinner, and mothers’ strong devotion to church activities tend to influence their parenting. An exploration of the mechanisms behind the differences in their styles of parenting is important before judging their parenting to be improper or maladjusted. Understanding parenting styles of families from diverse backgrounds helps to understand what society will look like in the near future.

The focus of this essay is on interreligious dialogue as an effort to build peaceful politics ahead of the 2024 general election. The purpose of this paper is to examine religious life in Indonesia. The view of the majority-minority often triggers unhealthy political problems. In other words, religion is often a powerful weapon to bring down political opponents unfairly and humanely. Seeing the reality of the vulnerability of religion being used as an unhealthy political tool, interreligious dialogue becomes something urgent, especially before the elections in the next two years. Interreligious dialogue needs to be built from now on so that the atmosphere ahead of the elections in the next 2 years is better than before. In this article, we will also use a quantitative method by using the literature as a reference. The finding from this paper is that religious issues are very influential on politics in Indonesia, so there needs to be interreligious dialogue in order to create peaceful politics, especially ahead of the 2024 elections.

This study examines the relationship among residents in the community of Kampung Tanah Merah, North Jakarta, with a focus on their social dynamics, aspirations and interactions. The community in this area faces various challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, and limitations in economy and education. This study aims to understand how residents organize themselves and participate in decision-making that affects their lives, and how they voice their aspirations and hopes for improved welfare. The methods used include semi-structured interviews, participant observation and document studies. The results of the study indicate that the community has a strong social structure with active local leadership, but still faces difficulties in accessing government programs. This study concludes that improving relation between residents and the government and other parties is essential to achieving better welfare. These findings are expected to provide policy recommendations that support inclusiveness and active participation of residents in the development of their environment.

As xenotransplantation advances toward clinical trials, viewpoints from various segments of society are continually needed to engage the public and to inform the prospective clinical trials. As the majority of the world's population identifies with a religious tradition, religious perspectives regarding the ethical issues associated with clinical xenotransplantation are an important element to take into account. At the 2024 Congress of The Transplantation Society in Istanbul, Türkiye, a group of religious scholars from Catholicism, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Hinduism, Shia Islam, Judaism, Protestant Christianity, and the African American religious traditions met together to discuss viewpoints toward xenotransplantation from their respective religious tradition. Additional contributions were received from representatives from the American Anglican Episcopal Church and Sunni Islam faith traditions. Each speaker presented viewpoints on the ethical issues associated with clinical xenotransplantation from their own religious perspective. Common issues that were raised include the treatment and stewardship of animals, xenozoonotic infection and other risks, while religious dictums of particular relevance for each faith tradition were noted. Overall, none of the participants considered xenotransplantation to be impermissible within their religious tradition. Yet, it is important to note that persons of religious faith may come to different conclusions from their coreligionists about the permissibility of xenotransplantation as a personal choice or as spokespersons for others of their faith. Additional empirical viewpoint data from each religious tradition will be helpful to further inform normative views and measure the impact of public education. As xenotransplantation continues to advance to the clinic, continued exploration of religious perspectives is needed to best support individual decision-making and optimize patient-centered care.

This article discusses the issues of religious and cultural resistance of Madurese salt farming communities as portrayed in the religious tradition of nyadar ritual. Nyadar is an annual religious tradition carried out by Madurese salt farming communities in Sumenep district, precisely in Pinggir Papas Village, Kalianget District and Gersik Putih Village, Gapura District, to conduct cultural resistance against the hegemony and dominance of the Salt Farming Corporation and Madurese salt farming community elites. The purpose of this study is to reveal changes in the cultural situation of the Madurese salt farming community. This study uses an ethnographic method with a constructivist paradigm with data collection methods using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and focus group discussions (FGD). The result of this research found that nyadar is a form of religious rituals that illustrates the solidarity of the community in fighting against the shackles of poverty and helplessness to fight the hegemony and domination of the economic liberalism capitalism in the globalization of the global salt economy which tends to favor the salt corporation, the owners of salt farm land, the religious figures, and the Madurese elites. The cultural resistance of the salt farming community is portrayed in the rejection of the various policies that will be enforced by the Government, PT. Garam, as well as salt corporates in the religious ritual tradition of nyadar including in determining the time of event, religious tourism destinations, and financial support to celebrate the religious ritual activities of nyadar.

Background Rapid growth of the international school market in Indonesia demand teachers that not only excellent in mastering and delivering materials but also make meaningful contributions while adapting to the diverse cultural backgrounds. Purpose This study aims to explore how experienced, newly hired teachers understand and interpret the organizational culture of international schools in North Jakarta. Design/method/approach This research employed a qualitative phenomenological design, with data collected through in-depth interview with five experienced, newly hired teachers from three different international schools in North Jakarta. Results Research has shown that the experienced, newly hired teachers went through three stages before finally accepted and made adjusted. The three stages are disorientation and emotional friction, identity strain and growing into the system. Contribution/value Findings of this research help teachers identify the challenges they may face in transitioning to an international school and also help, school management to know how to provide support system.

Once a year, Muslims of every ethnic group, color, social status, and culture gather together in Mecca and stand before the Kaaba praising Allah together. a religious tradition that brings millions of devout Muslims to the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Muslims, especially Bugis People, At the end of the hajj, pilgrims return home and are often given the honorific “hajji,” meaning one who has performed the hajj. The research object is the local daily KOMPASTV in Makassar, KOMPAS TV in Makassar as a sample. Currently, technology has gained increasing attention as a major means to provide services The research was aimed to analyze the tradition of hajj Bugis people pilgrimage from Mecca Bugis Family members often prepare a celebration to welcome pilgrims home and congratulate them on completing the journey. It is recommended to be humble in such gatherings and to ask the ones returning from Hajj to pray for your forgiveness, as they are in a strong position to do so. Once a year, Muslims of every ethnic group, colour, social status, and culture gather together in Mecca and stand before the Kaaba praising Allah together. a religious tradition that brings millions of devout Muslims to the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Muslims, especially Bugis People, At the end of the hajj, pilgrims return home and are often given the honorific “hajji,” meaning one who has performed the hajj. The reaserach object is the local daily KOMPASTV in Makassar, KOMPASTV in Makassar as a sample. Currently, technology has gained increasing attention as a major means to provide services Research was aimed to analyze tradition of hajj Bugis people pilgrimage from Mecca Bugis Family members often prepare a celebration to welcome pilgrims home and congratulate them on completing the journey. It is recommended to be humble in such gatherings and to ask the ones returning from Hajj to pray for your forgiveness, as they are in a strong position to do so.

This paper explores how early childhood development practitioners running centre-based programmes with children aged 3–6 years address the needs of an increasing number of children from diverse cultural backgrounds in their care. This is important as early childhood is a critical moment in which to create a positive awareness about diversity. A qualitative and interactive research design was employed to identify what values, attitudes, knowledge and strategies practitioners and families believe are important to promote the social integration of children from diverse backgrounds. In-depth interviews and participant observation were used to collect data from 10 practitioners working in two urban settlements in two provinces of South Africa, while focus group interviews were carried out with the families of children attending two of the centres. The findings showed that an intercultural education approach provides the necessary tools to address challenges faced by practitioners including promoting social integration, respect for diversity and multilingualism, and the prevention of racist, xenophobic and discriminatory attitudes and actions. Este trabajo explora la manera en que los educadores, trabajando en centros de educación infantil con niños entre tres y seis años atienden las necesidades de cada vez mayor número de niños de orígenes culturales y lingüísticos diversos. Esto es importante porque la etapa de la infancia es un momento crítico para crear una conciencia positiva sobre la diversidad. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación cualitativa e interactiva para identificar cuales son los valores, actitudes, conocimientos y estrategias que los educadores y las familias creen que son importantes para promover la integración social de los niños de diversos orígenes. Se utilizaron entrevistas en profundidad y observaciones participativas para recopilar datos de diez educadores de dos comunidades urbanas situadas en dos provincias de Sudáfrica. Asimismo, se entrevistaron las familias de los niños que asisten a dos de dichos centros. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo de educación intercultural proporciona las herramientas necesarias para hacer frente a los desafíos que los educadores enfrentan: la promoción de la integración social, el respeto a la diversidad y el multilingüismo, y la prevención de actitudes y acciones racistas, xenófobas y discriminatorias.

The presence of several former terrorism convicts in Tenggulun Village, Solokuro District, Lamongan Regency, who are undergoing reintegration after completing their sentences in correctional institutions, presents an interesting context for research on community behavior towards former terrorism convicts. This study aims to analyze and describe community behavior towards former terrorism convicts in Tenggulun Village, Solokuro District, Lamongan Regency. This village has a history of some of its residents being involved in terrorist activities, creating complex social dynamics in the reintegration process of former terrorism convicts into their communities. This study examines the factors influencing the acceptance or rejection of former terrorism convicts from social, religious, economic, and governmental policy perspectives. A qualitative research approach with a case study method was used. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with community members, religious leaders, government officials, and former terrorism convicts who had returned to the village. Additionally, participatory observation and document analysis were employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the social dynamics at play. The findings indicate that community behavior towards former terrorism convicts is significantly influenced by factors such as trust, social stigma, education, and reintegration policies implemented by the government and non-governmental organizations. While some community members still experience fear and concern about the potential resurgence of radical ideologies, others exhibit openness by providing opportunities for former terrorism convicts to reintegrate. Social and economic rehabilitation programs are key factors that enhance community acceptance.The implications of this study provide insights for the government and stakeholders in designing more inclusive and effective policies for the reintegration of former terrorism convicts. Acommunity-based approach emphasizing education, social engagement, and economic support has been proven to reduce stigma and enhance social harmony within society.

The objective of the research is to analyze the commercial activity and the exchange of products on the border, analyzing the economic dynamics and the strategic role of commercial exchange in the cities of Desaguadero, a similar name for both border cities of Peru and Bolivia. The method used is qualitative, using in-depth interviews and direct observation as a research technique, which allowed us to analyze the strategies of exchange, commercial interactions and their impact on the economic life of local families in both countries. The results reveal how cross-border trade exchange contributes to the complementarity of the family economy in the region, boosting the economic dynamics of adjacent rural communities. However, the vast majority of products do not pass-through customs regulations, being classified as contraband. This trade is rooted in a tradition of commercial exchange that dates back to before the formation of Peru and Bolivia as independent countries. In conclusion, the complementarity observed in consumption and production patterns between Peru and Bolivia in this region underlines the importance of the cities of Desaguadero as a vital axis for the economic sustainability of rural communities along the border, strengthening family economies and promoting regional economic development.

This book explores different theories of law, religion and tradition, from both a secular and a religious perspective. It reflects on how tradition and change can affect religious and secular legal reasoning, identifying the patterns of legal evolution within religious and secular traditions. It is often taken for granted that, even in law, change corresponds and correlates to progress - that things ought to be changed and they will necessarily get better. There is no doubt that legal changes over the centuries have made it possible to enhance the protection of individual rights and to somewhat contain the possibility of tyranny and despotism. But progress is not everything in law: stability and certainty lie at the core of the rule of law. Similarly, religious and religious laws could not survive without traditions; and yet, they still evolve, and their evolution is often intermingled with secular law. The book asks (and in some ways answers) the questions: what is the role of tradition within religions and religious laws? what is the impact of religious traditions on secular laws, and vice-versa? How are the elements of tradition to be identified? Are they the same within the secular and the religious realm? Do secular law and religious law follow comparable patterns of change? Do their levels of resilience differ significantly? How does the history of religion and law affect changes within religious traditions and legal systems? The overall focus of the book addresses the extent to which tradition plays a role in shaping and re-shaping secular and religious traditions and legal systems? The overall focus of the book addresses the extent to which tradition plays a role in shaping and re-shaping secular and religious laws, as well as their mutual boundaries.