The structure of the sowing areas of crops in the Non-chernozem region

Abstract

The article provides a current regional specialization of agricultural production in the subjects of the Non-chernozem economic zone of the country and its socio-economic features happened by 2016. The special attention is paid to grain cultures, dairy and meat cattle breeding, pig breeding and poultry farming. It is predicted that dairy cattle, which ensures the employment of a significant number of workers in agricultural organizations and farms, remain a basic agricultural activity in rural life of Non-chernozem region, maintaining the productivity of cold regions. There are seven such regions having more or less favorable territories for agricultural production. It seems possible to cultivate full range of crops there. The calculation of the size of the sowing areas per one cattle head in the subjects of Nonchernozem region are considered in this paper. It has been established that the structure of sowing areas in agricultural organizations of the studied regions does not have significant differences compared to peasant farms. The exception is potatoes and vegetables, sowing areas of which are significantly higher in small forms of land use. With a low level of mechanization of agricultural production in small forms of management, (with the exception of few cultivated crops), the growth of production does not lead to increase of effectiveness. In the medium term, according to the authors estimation, the existing practice of concentrating the agricultural production in the territories with the most favorable agro-climatic, soil conditions and favorable position regarding consumer markets will be preserved.