Abstract
When history, clinical and radiological findings, and laboratory tests are all taken into consideration, the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis is unlikely to be confused with any of the following conditions, many of which are rare: ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis, ochronosis, chondrocalcinosis, familial hypophosphatæmia, familial paravertebral calcification, infective spondylitis, familial Mediterranean fever, and the tuberculous spine. Diagnostic confusion, nevertheless, has occurred in the past, largely because these conditions are rare, though it has occurred also with spinal tumours, Charcot's and Paget's diseases of the spine, the " soldiers' " spine, and adolescent epiphysitis. Since the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis is, however, in general entirely different from that of these other disorders, early diagnostic confusion may lead to irreparable damage.
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