The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

Daniela S Gerhard ,Carla Kowis ,Steven J Granite ,Yutaka Suzuki ,Tom I Bonner ,Troy Moore ,Kirill Rotmistrovsky ,Anna Sneed ,Anne V Hodgson ,Jane Grimwood ,Greg Schuler ,Maria F Bonaldo ,Anup Madan ,Gerard G Bouffard ,Mark Diekhans ,Yulan Piao ,Alice C Young ,Michelle Whiting ,Charles P Brinkley ,Jeff Stott ,Chris E Gruber ,Dawood B Dudekula ,Florence Hsie ,Ursula Skalska ,Lynette Grouse ,Eric D Green ,Stephen L Johnson ,Erin Helton ,Marcelo B Soares ,Rebekah S Rasooly ,Susan E Old ,Robert W Blakesly ,Ryan Morrin ,Keith Wetherby ,Jeffery G Derge ,Sinnakarupan Mathavan ,Mike Feolo ,Carl F Schaefer ,Diana L Palmquist ,Donna M Muzny ,Ted B Usdin ,Mark Ketteman ,Angela Garcia ,John Douglas Mcpherson ,Tom Driscoll ,Peggy N Kwong ,Kathryn A Makowski ,Russell L Pearson ,Robert A Holt ,Preethi H Gunaratne ,T.l Casavant ,Susan F Greenhut ,Leonie Misquitta ,David Haussler ,Michael R Brent ,Francis S Collins ,Eduardo Lee ,R C Waterman ,Stephen W Hulyk ,Lukas Wagner ,Peter J Good ,Chia Lin Wei ,Kôichi Kikuchi ,Christa Prange ,Toshiyuki Shiraki ,Sumio Sugano ,Anca S Petrescu ,R Myers ,Michael J Brownstein ,Anuradha Madan ,Sandra W Clifton ,Kirsten Schreiber ,Álex Rodríguez ,Allison M Peck ,Richard A Gibbs ,Mark Dickson ,Stéphanie Rodrigues ,David J Lipman ,Wonhee Jang ,Martin Krzywinski ,Steven L Klein ,Obi L Griffith ,Jeremy Schmutz ,Ágnes Baross ,Jessica Fahey ,Minoru S.h Ko ,Stephen T Sherry ,Mark S Guyer ,Duane E Smailus ,Mark R Smith ,Elise A Feingold ,Ying‐Jin Yuan ,Todd E Scheetz ,Amy Sanchez ,Terrence S Furey ,Stephanie Bosak ,Jiaqian Wu ,Nicole Shapiro ,Narayan K Bhat ,Ralph F Hopkins ,Carolyn M Shenmen ,Yijun Ruan ,Yaron S.n Butterfield ,Nancy Liao ,Steven J.m Jones ,Blake A Simmons ,Angelique Schnerch ,Edwin Fuh ,Jacqueline E Schein ,Marco A Marra ,Piero Carninci ,J H Kent ,Kenneth H Buetow ,Joel A Malek

doi:10.1101/gr.2596504

Abstract

The National Institutes of Health's Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project was designed to generate and sequence a publicly accessible cDNA resource containing a complete open reading frame (ORF) for every human and mouse gene. The project initially used a random strategy to select clones from a large number of cDNA libraries from diverse tissues. Candidate clones were chosen based on 5'-EST sequences, and then fully sequenced to high accuracy and analyzed by algorithms developed for this project. Currently, more than 11,000 human and 10,000 mouse genes are represented in MGC by at least one clone with a full ORF. The random selection approach is now reaching a saturation point, and a transition to protocols targeted at the missing transcripts is now required to complete the mouse and human collections. Comparison of the sequence of the MGC clones to reference genome sequences reveals that most cDNA clones are of very high sequence quality, although it is likely that some cDNAs may carry missense variants as a consequence of experimental artifact, such as PCR, cloning, or reverse transcriptase errors. Recently, a rat cDNA component was added to the project, and ongoing frog (Xenopus) and zebrafish (Danio) cDNA projects were expanded to take advantage of the high-throughput MGC pipeline.

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