Abstract
The variations of the specific alkalinity in ocean water are studied on the basis of the measurements carried out in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean during the Swedish Deep-Sea Expedition. Each water mass shows a characteristics specific alkalinity as a result of the circulation and the life processes going on in the ocean. The production of carbonic acid and the lime secretion by organisms seem to be the main factors influencing the alkalinity. The stability of the stratification seems to increase the specific alkalinity together with the content of carbon dioxide in deep waters. Surface waters in the equatorial region shows a low specific alkalinity; polar and subpolar waters generally are enriched, as are also deep waters. The specific alkalinity grows with the depletion of oxygen, and highest in the Pacific and lowest in Atlantic deep waters. The range of variation is within 0·119 and 0·130, with an averaage of all water masses of about 0·126. The value is about 3 per cent higher than that quoted by W attenberg, who had investigated only Atlantic waters, but it is in agreement with all the alkalinity measurements made hitherto.
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