Abstract
The detailed causal factors of flood have not been established, whether because of the damage of upper watershed, sedimentation resulting in shallow river, forest conversion, the decrease in abundance and structure or high rainfall. The study aimed at finding out the species diversity and structure of the limited production forest (LPF) from the seedling to the tree stage of Arui watershed in Manokwari district. The species diversity was determined based on Shannon-Wiener index, while vegetation structure was determined based on Importance Value Index. There were totally 92 plots of samples drawn using systematic sampling. The results of vegetation analysis showed that there were 174 species of 43 families with the species diversity of 1.5-1.8 that was categorized as moderate. The four dominant species that were always found in seedling, sapling, pole and tree stages included: Pometia pinnata, Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense, Chisocheton ceramicus, and Horsfieldia irya. The conversion of the LPF into non-forestry sector for the purpose of accelerating development must be reviewed by considering hydrology, land, biodiversity, and social and regional aspects in order to prevent and to reduce flood in the coming days.
Highlights
Flood is natural phenomenon taking place when very high intensity rain occurs, while ground is not able to well-absorb the rain water and runoff happens (Paroissien et al, 2014; Vannier et al, 2016)
The absence of the commercial species in Papua such as Instia bijuga dan I. palembanica represents a challenge in the limited production forest (LPF)
The four dominating species that are always found in all levels are Pometia pinnata, Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense, Chisocheton ceramicus and Horsfieldia irya
Summary
Flood is natural phenomenon taking place when very high intensity rain occurs, while ground is not able to well-absorb the rain water and runoff happens (Paroissien et al, 2014; Vannier et al, 2016). The flood takes place because of the presence of excessive water flow that may result from the change in rainfall and surface runoff, limited capacity of river or drainage or dysfunctional waterworks (Hallegate et al, 2013; Ran & Budic, 2016). Climate change and land-use change have increased the ratio of rainfall to surface flows, the amount of water directly becoming runoff flooding increasing significantly, so that the peak discharge becomes greater and decreation water quality (Yan et al, 2013; Nasir et al, 2017). Conversion of LPF to oil palm plantations is a factor causing flooding. Today the limited production forest becomes the target of the conversion based on the verse 1 of the article 43 of the government regulation No 104 of 2015 on the conversion of the main function of limited production forest into permanent production forest, the permanent production forest into limited production forest, and production conversion forest into limited production forest
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
