The special theory of relativity and the problem of the universal constants

Abstract

The basis of the special theory of relativity (STR), when analyzed, shows that this theory requires, as a prerequisite, Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory for empty space. The special principle of relativity is extended to hold for expanded electrodynamic theories, an example of which is presented. The extension of the theory is derived from dimensional considerations. The speed of light c, and Planck’s constant h, are Lorentz-invariant, but the universal length l0 is not. The presence of a universal length l0∼10−14cm, however, in any theory on elementary particles, is required from dimensional consideration. In the extended theory of relativity, l0 is, like c, an invariant by definition. Additionally, the static case of the extended wave equation, which describes the propagation of signals, may be significant for describing electric and nuclear potentials.