Abstract
The remediation of heavy metal Pb2+-contaminated soil by enzyme (urease)-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) combined with biochar was studied. The solidification efficiency of Pb2+ reached 98.41 % when the mass ratio of CaCl2/urea was 1:1 using EICP technology to remedy Pb2+-contaminated water. However, the formed precipitate was accompanied by unstable vaterite, and Pb2+ had the risk of secondary leaching. When the biochar of 5 wt% was added to the Pb2+-contaminated soil, the soil structure tended to be dense and the toxic leaching concentration of Pb2+ was less than 5 mg/L, which met the national standard of China. The addition of biochar increased the pH of the contaminated soil and changed the free Pb2+ into insoluble Pb(OH)2. The biochar provided more nucleation sites for urease, and part of Pb2+ were adsorbed on its surface or diffused into the pores of biochar, which effectively solidified Pb2+ in the soil.
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