Abstract
Migratory threats which are connected with mass internal inter-regional migrations, caused by the annexation of Crimea and military aggression in Donbas by Russia, have been disclosed in the article. The social-political and psychological threats of large-scale forced displacement are determined. Traditional migrations are mainly due to social-economic factors and the independent voluntary choice of participants in these processes regarding the intention to move, dictated by the freedom of choice of the person. Instead, forced displacements are caused by immediate threats to life and health. Analyzing the factors of migratory attraction, the cluster analysis was performed using the k-means method and using the STATISTICA program. The results of cluster analysis show that in large regions the level of IDP migratory activity is higher and the impact on the formation of demographic capital is more significant. It does not affect the number and composition of the population as a whole, but causes changes in its location, gender, and the age structure of the inhabitants of individual regions, is a consequence and an important factor of regional differences, directly related to industrialization and urbanization, rural depopulation. In terms of volume, internal migration significantly outperforms international migration. Measures for the proper formation and development of demographic potential at the macro level are proposed. Without proper regulation, forced displacement becomes a growing burden on host communities' ability to provide basic services, destroys civilian infrastructure and community cohesion, undermines public investment in reform, and creates insecurity, hopelessness, and despair among large populations that can easily become national and global risks.
Highlights
Migratory processes in Ukraine have different effects on its demographic development, participation in the international division of labor, access to European and world markets, social and national security
The Concept of State Migratory Policy of Ukraine states that “it aims at ensuring effective state management of migration processes, creating conditions for sustainable demographic and socio-economic development of the country, enhancing national security by preventing the occurrence of uncontrolled migratory processes and eliminating their consequences, harmonization of national legislation in sphere of migration with international standards, strengthening of social and legal protection of Ukrainian citizens consider or work abroad, adherence to the principles of protection of Ukraine’s interests, and the threat posed to Ukraine’s national security by: illegal migration; aggravation of the demographic crisis; departure from the borders of Ukraine by scientists, specialists, skilled labour” [1]
Passing of important laws and innovations of state migration policy gives grounds to claim that the main motivation behind such actions was due to an external factor, and, in particular, the reform of the migration sphere was significantly intensified after the Ukraine-EU Summit in November 2010 a plan of visa liberalization was presented to Ukraine [2]
Summary
Migratory processes in Ukraine have different effects on its demographic development, participation in the international division of labor, access to European and world markets, social and national security. The analysis and consideration of current migratory trends in our country in the context of Ukraine’s participation in the European and world migratory space is considered as one of the important factors in shaping its own national policy This problem is directly and indirectly within the national security plane of Ukraine. The largest number of internally displaced persons from Donbass are located in Donetsk region – 660 thousand, Lugansk region – 249 thousand, Kharkiv region – 2010 thousand, in city Kyiv – 116 thousand, Zaporizhzhya region – 116 thousand, Dnipro region – 76 thousand, Kyiv region – 48 thousand, Odessa – 36 thousand people These figures are close to real, since it is impossible to accurately calculate in the context of hostilities and anti-terrorist operations. The purpose of the article consists in research of modern challenges and threats that entailed the mass interregional migratory transferring of population to the separate regions of Ukraine, to reveal the socio-political and psychological threats of large-scale forced displacement and to carry out the cluster analyses in order to reveal the factors of migratory attraction
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Herald of Kiev Institute of Business and Technology
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
