Abstract
S100B is a calcium binding peptide produced predominantly by astroglial cells in the central nervous system. S100B paradoxically has neurotrophic and apoptotic effects, dependent on extracellular concentration. This study investigated the relationship between serum S100B levels and neuropsychological performance across a range of cognitive domains in healthy older aged adults. A cohort of 219 participants between the ages of 43 and 84 years (141 female) were recruited. Subjects provided a fasting blood sample for S100B measurement (Mean = 0.24 ng/mL, SD = 0.14) and completed a battery of neuropsychological tests. S100B concentrations (both with and without the covariates of age and sex) were positively associated with the following measures of cognitive performance: digit-symbol coding, Stroop test, and measures of verbal ability. The results from this study show that serum S100B is positively associated with better cognitive performance in healthy older adults.
Highlights
In 1965, Moore described a mixture of low molecular weight proteins belonging to the calcium-sensor-binding-proteins superfamily (Moore, 1965)
This study investigated the relationship between serum S100B levels and neuropsychological performance across a range of cognitive domains in healthy older aged adults
The results from this study show that serum S100B is positively associated with better cognitive performance in healthy older adults
Summary
In 1965, Moore described a mixture of low molecular weight proteins belonging to the calcium-sensor-binding-proteins superfamily (Moore, 1965). In vitro studies have identified that at these higher concentrations extracellular S100B binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end products, stimulating the caspase pathway (a pivotal mediator for programed cell death, necrosis, and inflammation) (Huttunen et al, 1999). At these concentrations, cytokine production is enhanced resulting in increased production of potentially cytotoxic amounts of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (Bianchi et al, 2007). The hypothesis was that, in generally healthy subjects, the neurotrophic properties of S100B would generally correlate positively with cognitive capacity
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