Abstract
SUMMARY The high-speed train (HST) generates strong ground vibrations when it runs on the railroad. However, little attention has been paid to the theory of far-field propagation of the HST-induced ground vibrations. Here, we derive two analytical formulae for the HST-induced seismic wavefields under the far-field approximation. In particular, we analyse the seismic wavefields in the cases when the HST runs on a track built on the ground and on the viaduct, respectively. We find that the vibrations generated by the HST running on the ground decay exponentially, whereas the HST running on the viaduct can generate broad-band seismic waves that can penetrate deep into the Earth. The derived formulae have been validated by the far-field observations in the field. Numerical results suggest that the ground vibrations generated by the HST, when running on the viaduct, could be utilized as a powerful, economic and repeatable source to image and monitor subsurface structures.
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