Abstract

For a long time the European Union’s (EU) relationship with its neighbours to the south and south east has been viewed only as a development and economic partnership. This is by no means surprising: The Mediterranean dimension has always been present in the gradually progressing process of European integration — to start with the special commercial and economic regime provisions in the Treaty of Rome in 1957 that set out the framework of relations between the newly created European Economic Community (EEC) on the one side and Morocco and Tunisia on the other side, which had then gained their full independence from French protectorate rule. However, all consecutive steps to establish and upgrade structured relations between Europe and the Mediterranean in the following three decades were based on the same objective: to cater for economic and social stability in the European Community’s southern neighbourhood, and to secure a safe and structured environment for two-way trade relations and energy supplies from the Mediterranean to the Community and its Member States.

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