The Sacred Phenomenology of Mount Kawi Cemetery in Malang: Examining Its Connection to the Manuscript Serat Iman Sujana Found at Gunung Kawi

A study of the theoretical foundations of state policy in the field of marketing and branding was carried out in the context of the need for its activation and consideration of historical narratives as a factor in brand formation. It has been found that almost all states with developed economies pay more and more attention to the state policy in the field of marketing and branding as a factor of competitive advantage. The question of the activation of such a policy in Ukraine, first of all, the creation and promotion of the state brand (national brand) is also gaining special relevance. It is noted that, in general, the brand of the state should be understood as a unique combination of values, mainly a positive image, which indicates an appropriate image, high quality and good reputation among the public and a set of all feelings, thoughts, associations, ideas, memories and emotions that arise in a person when this. It is emphasized that when forming a brand, it is appropriate to appeal both to the past (national history, historical memory, cultural and historical heritage, success stories of the country, historical and ethnographic cultural diversity of regions, etc.), and to the future (innovations, own successful business, ecosystem of startups, achievements in culture and science, moral values, etc.)". It is indicated that the role of history and its interpretation, cultural-historical heritage and historical-cultural factors and values in general in the formation of a brand has not been sufficiently investigated. Of course, the national historical narrative (grand narrative), that is, information about the past, its interpretation, a system of concepts and symbols related to it, a set of ideas, real and fictional (mythologized) events, etc., is one of the key elements of the state brand. It is noted that the manifestation of the historical grand narrative should be the history of the process of state formation, first of all, the history of the beginning of the formation of statehood (awareness of the entire glorious thousand-year history of state formation and the historical-ethnographic cultural diversity of the regions of the state). A set of measures to change certain elements of the brand and highlight historical and cultural narratives as features of the state can also be considered as a rebranding process. It is indicated that a targeted policy aimed at creating a successful brand of the state can, first of all, positively influence the creation of a friendly moral and psychological climate in society and the formation of positive thinking and emotions, as well as the expectations, motivation and actions (behavior) of economic entities.

History education is a strategic instrument for politics and ideological indoctrination. This tendency creates the dominance of the grand narrative in historical education, leading to injustice toward women. Women's representation is often singular and masculine in nature. For instance, Kartini is highly revered, overshadowing the contributions of other women. Historical narratives also frequently prioritize women's involvement as warriors or politicians. This imbalance can be addressed through the role of critical history teachers. This study aims to analyze how history teachers deconstruct women's historical narratives from a critical perspective. The research employs a case study method with a deconstructive approach to women's historical narratives. Data collection is conducted through interviews and documentation. The research subjects are history teachers from Sumatera Selatan Senior High School and Lifeskill Teknologi Informatika Indo Global Mandiri (LTI IGM) Senior High School in Palembang. The research findings indicate that critical history teachers deconstruct Kartini's narrative and offer alternative historical figures. They also critique the dominant narrative that primarily highlights women as warriors or politicians by introducing figures such as Dewi Sartika. Through Dewi Sartika’s Sakola Kautamaan Istri, history teachers emphasize the relevance of the domestic sphere in history. The deconstruction of dominant women's narratives by history teachers fosters a more diverse representation of women's roles in history. Ultimately, this approach contributes to critical and inclusive history education.

This essay brings together observations regarding the struggle over the Holy Land in the context of Saul Friedländer’s interests in Zionism, the role of memory in history, and the Holocaust. History and collective memory remain fundamental to the way claims have been made to the Holy Land. Jewish control over Mandatory Palestine has often been challenged in established monotheistic theology, particularly Christian supersessionism. Like other nationalisms, Zionism is supported by historical narratives framed in secular terms. Thus, arguments that support a Jewish state and those that deny its legitimacy have recourse to historical narratives. With the disposition of the Ottoman Empire largely determined by the Christian West, European antisemitism and the Holocaust proved of singular importance in the ongoing theological and ideological arguments for establishing a secure refuge for Jews. Moreover, the essay demonstrates that these discourses are not necessarily separate, but rather often overlap and complement one another. In the course of this examination, the essay references selected strands of contemporary Christianity: Catholicism, Evangelicalism, Mainline Protestantism, and Palestinian Liberation Theology. While accounting for antisemitism and the Holocaust once seemed to promise change in some established dogmas, it remains to be seen how significantly and permanently it has occasioned the hoped-for reevaluation of the Jews’ role in history given the extent and depth of supersessionist thought when also supported by ostensibly secular political categories.

One thing that is no less important in studying history is preserving local wisdom so that future generations will know regional culture and develop positive attitudes that are reflected in these cultural traditions. Problems that can arise as a result of developments in increasingly modern times are generations of people who ignore local wisdom and this results in the erosion of the values ​​contained in local wisdom traditions. Therefore, the Independent Curriculum is present in history learning by creating new content, namely the integration of material regarding local wisdom. Kirab Sesaji is one of the local wisdoms in Wonosari Village, Gunung Kawi and contains many local wisdom values. The purpose of writing this research is to (1.) Outline the local wisdom content of history learning in the Merdeka Curriculum; (2). Explain the meaning of Kirab Sesaji tradition, and; (3). Find out the relevance of the local wisdom values ​​of the Carnival of Offerings in the history learning of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research method used is a qualitative method with literature studies and interviews. The data collected came from primary sources, namely oral interviews with the resource person Suwito as the head of Wonosari village, and secondary sources using literature studies such as exploration of journals, books and other library sources to support writing. The results of the research concluded that Kirab Sesaji contains local wisdom values ​​in the form of religious values, cultural values, social values ​​and educational values ​​that are relevant to the profile of Pancasila students studying history in the Merdeka Curriculum. The traditions and values ​​of Local Wisdom contained in the Kirab Sesaji also have relevance to the history learning phase E class X regarding the material coverage of the Islamic Kingdom in Indonesia.

Death in a novel has no finality: go back to the beginning and all the characters are still there, replaying the same life. For Kierkegaard, this was also the implication of Hegel’s philosophy: individual deaths were of no significance because they were subsumed into the narrative of history. Kierkegaard rebelled against such an aestheticisation of death: a role in history is no compensation for the personal finality of death. For Spark, art cannot represent death because it cannot encompass that finality (an irony played out at the conclusion of The Driver’s Seat). Art is a pseudo-eternity which negates death by its power of repetition but also thereby fails to offer the salvation that Kierkegaard sought in religion. Many Spark novels self-reflexively explore this tension, most potently Not To Disturb, in which the reality of death is continually postponed by its transformation into the apparently timeless repeatability of a wide variety of artforms. Death is defeated by art but only at the cost of invoking what Hegel had prophesied and Arthur Danto identifies as ‘the death of art’, which comes about when art ceases to be the expression of a shared religious belief.

The research further explores the intricate dynamics of Ukrainian video art, acknowledging its multifaceted role in shaping and reflecting the cultural landscape of the nation. By identifying key directions and styles, the article not only offers a comprehensive overview of the artistic expressions within the medium but also contributes to a deeper understanding of how video art intertwines with the broader cultural narrative of Ukraine.The normative content provided on the stylistic cohorts of video art becomes a crucial framework for evaluating and appreciating the diversity of creative expressions. The emphasis on Ukraine's cultural macro-identity underscores the significance of video art as a potent means of cultural representation, transcending traditional boundaries and fostering a sense of shared identity among its audience.The study's meticulousexamination of thematic intentions within various trends and styles in Ukrainian video art sheds light on the nuanced ways in which cultural codes are transmitted and interpreted in society. This not only enriches the appreciation of the art form but alsoprovides a valuable resource for scholars and enthusiasts interested in understanding the complexities of Ukrainian culture.The construction of a cultural-historical and axiological-normative model positions Ukrainian video art as a unique axiosphere–arealm where cultural values, historical narratives, and normative frameworks converge. As a tool for transmitting cultural identity and codes, video art emerges as a dynamic force, capable of influencing societal perspectives and contributing to the ongoing dialogue about Ukraine's place in the global cultural landscape.The cultural aspect of the research goes beyond a mere analysis of art; it becomes a lens through which the role of Ukrainian video art in geocultural positioning is explored. The article emphasizes the pivotal role video art plays in articulating Ukrainian perspectives, values, and the intricacies of the national character. It becomes a mirror reflecting the social-historical scenarios of the nation, fostering a deeper connection between the art form and the collective consciousness of the Ukrainian people.In addressing the contradiction between the necessity for cultural reflection on video art's independence period and the lack of corresponding analytical-comparative studies, the research calls attention to a potential gap in scholarship. It invites further exploration and comparative analysis, encouraging scholars to delve into the structural intricacies of video art compositions during this critical period of Ukraine's history.Ultimately, the article not only contributes to the historiography of Ukrainian video art but also serves as a catalyst for future research, prompting a more profound examination of the cultural, historical, and societal dimensions embedded within the captivating realm of Ukrainian video art. Key words:audiovisual art, mass media, cultural code, audio-visual representations, axiosphere.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to draw attention to the heuristic value of intersectionality by historicizing it as a framework appropriate for the use of studying discrimination and discriminatory practices in organizations over time.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing a fusion between amodernist historiography vis-à-vis the nascent ANTi-History approach and intersectional complexity, the authors draw upon historical narratives from archival materials British Airways to empirically examine the utility of, and turn to, intersectional history in historical organization studies.FindingsAnalysis of archival materials and commissioned corporate histories revealed subjectivities of socially constructing historicized intersectional identities. This suggests that certain identities have been and continue to “enjoy” privilege while others are marginalized and/or neglected through serial interconnected historical meanings. These processes of privileging and marginalization rely on the way a nexus of meaning is configured.Research limitations/implicationsThe research process relied and is dependent on limited archival materials within a single organization (British Airways) and industry (civil aviation). The critique herein should not be misinterpreted as judgment of the airline itself as an exemplar of discriminatory practices but rather for its longevity as an ongoing concern; its rich, colonialist history within the United Kingdom and accessibility of data. Archival traces are housed within a semi-public corporate archive which means those traces available for study have been professional and rhetorically curated.Practical implicationsFrom the perspective of workplace diversity, our aim has been to reveal to diversity professionals and activists not only the role of history in shaping discrimination but also, in particular, to be alert to the processes whereby the production of knowledge of the past takes place. The authors hope also to have drawn attention to the power of organizations in the generation of discriminatory historical accounts and the need to further explore how such accounts are produced as knowledge of the past. Finally, the authors introduce the notion of “nexus of meaning” to suggest that in the complexity of intersectionality, the authors need to explore not only how people experience different and combined forms of discrimination but also how those experiences are shaped in a complex series of meaning that owe much to past experiences.Social implicationsThe research directs attention to the nexus of meaning that constitute intersecting identities.Originality/valueThe research attempts to historicize intersectionality as a qualitative framework worthy of consideration in management and organization studies. From the perspective of studying discrimination in organizational life, the aim of this paper is to bring forward the role history plays in shaping discrimination as well as the processes whereby the production of knowledge of the past takes place. Attention is also drawn to the power of organizations in the generation of discriminatory historical accounts and the need to further explore how such accounts are produced. This study introduces the nexus of meaning analytic that understands how the experiences of different and combined forms of discrimination are shaped by meanings of the past.

Christa Wolf (1929-), Ingeborg Drewitz (1923-1986), and Grete Weil (1906-1999) occupy very different positions in postwar German literature, yet all three challenge readers to consider how individuals understand their roles in history and how they negotiate their personal responsibilities based on those roles. These three are, of course, by no means the only German writers to have dealt with such questions in the wake of the Third Reich. But Wolf, Drewitz, and Weil ground their projects in the family, an institution often left out of such inquiries, giving them a different starting point for moral reflection. Before looking closely at the three writers' views of the individual's role and responsibility, the book devotes a chapter to the examination of individual and collective memory, then a chapter to how feminist ethicists view moral responsibility. Chapters on the three writers' literary approaches to the questions follow: Wolf enacts a process of historical and geographic triangulation; Drewitz constructs concentric historical and social circles; Weil seeks to repair the historical ruptures of the Holocaust, creating new historical narratives and exploring the limitations of traditional bourgeois morality. Each of the three attempts to map a geography of morals that begins within the structures of the extended family but interrogates individual responsibility in an increasingly globalized environment. Michelle Mattson is Associate Professor of German at Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee.

The article considers the politics of memory of the Turkish government in relation to the Byzantine heritage in the country and the reaction of the states whose historical narrative and identity are associated with the Byzantine Empire’s legacy. The article is based on a wide range of sources in Turkish, Greek, English and Russian. The authors believe that the Turkish policy of Islamization and the ideology of neo-Ottomanism, which are implemented by the ruling AK Party under the leadership of the President R.T. Erdogan, lead to the gradual dismantling of the remaining Byzantine heritage, which was proved by the transformation of the Monastery of the Choir and the Hagia Sophia into mosques. Turkish society, except for a few dissidents many of whom have already left the country, does not show interest in the history of Byzantium and perceives the policy of the ruling party quite pragmatically, according to the opinion polls. The international reaction to the decisions of the Turkish leadership was quite restrained and in general did not focus on Byzantium and its role in history. Thus, European politicians and researchers criticized mainly the anti-Western idea of Erdogan’s actions and rhetoric, while Greece fears mostly the revival of Ottoman imperialism and considers the Byzantine legacy as a part of Hellenism. The authors conclude that it was Russian society that defined the policy of Erdogan as the destruction of the Byzantine heritage of the Eastern Orthodox civilization (primarily due to the position of the Russian Orthodox Church), which made the Russian political leadership discuss this issue at the highest level. Moreover, in the international dimension, Ankara’s consistent policy to dismantle the Byzantine heritage affects the image and ideology of the Russian state to a greater extent than that of Greece, which is determined by the sustainable perception of Russia as the successor of the Byzantine tradition.

What is the meaning of „herstory” concept? Can gender perspective be useful to discuss the dimensions of historical narratives? The text is an attempt to answer questions concerning the historical and cultural contexts of showing women’s role in history. It also analyses the content of crucial publications due to which the discussion on using gender perspective in historical narratives in Poland has begun.

ABSTRACT:The existing urban politics literature is insufficient in explaining why redistributional policymaking flourishes in some contexts and not in others. This article attempts to move beyond the structure versus agency dichotomy and uses a close comparison of the living wage movements in Chicago and San Francisco, not only to argue that “history matters,” but to illustrate how historical narratives are actively (re)constructed by social actors to further their agenda(s). Although each city started with similar campaigns to enact basic “contractor-only” forms of living wage laws, by the end of a 10-year period the resulting level of change in San Francisco stood in stark contrast to Chicago, where advocates failed to extend the living wage to “big box” retailers. Using a brief history of economic restructuring and an empirical assessment of the business climate valence of each city’s political regime, this article finds that economic and political factors jointly structure the depth and pace of policy change by setting the terms of debate within redistributional policy discourses. This joint determination occurs because “problem frames” are path-dependent and because inherited political structures, such as the availability of binding referendum, allocate agenda-setting power and opportunities to challenge entrenched interests.

The title of this essay derives from Henry James' comments in his preface to The Aspern Papers about the qualities of the novel. He liked to read about a past that was both visible and visitable, i.e., a past which was alive, relevant, and the creation of its author. Recent post-modern discussion of historiography has also taken a similar approach to the nature of historical narrative and the kinds of meaning historical writing produces. Hayden White, the leader in this debate, argues that there is little difference between historical narrative and the type of prose narrative associated with fictions. As is now well-known, he posits that the historian's point of view towards the material used in historical writing is equivalent to the fiction writer's point of view when creating a plot for a novel. Whether or not White is right in his analysis is beyond the scope of this essay, but what is of interest in his work is the idea that history is an authorial creation: history is a text shaped by its writer's intention and interpretation of what should be fact. The implications of White's ideas bear on the name and nature of historical fiction of which Raj and A Fine Balance are two recent South Asian examples.

Chilean identity has gone through some profound changes since 1973, which have been driven by the changing relationship between the Chilean people and their own history. For many, the disruption of national narratives has had a profoundly unsettling effect. The sixteen years of military rule in Chile and its aftermath has had a deep impact on the country’s identity and this in turn has affected the conduct of both the country’s domestic and foreign policies. This chapter will argue that the Pinochet administration had a destabilizing effect on Chilean national narratives. Furthermore, it is argued that the policy adopted by the Concertacion governments compounded the problem by attempting to move the country away from the past in order to achieve an elusive reconciliation. Theoretically, this chapter draws on philosophical insights on the nature of identity from post-Freudian psychology, primarily from the work of Jacques Lacan, who stresses both the centrality and the fragility of the process of identity formation. The role of history and historical narratives are also given prominence and in particular there is an acceptance of Walter Benjamin’s ideas on the intimate relationship between the past and the present.

This study analyzes official and family historical narratives, and their role in Muslim-Chinese identity formation in Southeast China, from the early Ming dynasty to the twentieth century. The narratives examined here are associated with the Chinese merchant-official Pu Shougeng (d. ca. 1296) and with the late-Yuan Muslim General Jin Ji (posted to Quanzhou in 1333). Both played crucial political and military roles in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Fujian. The families’ historical narratives – occasionally tightly linked, yet also representing conflicting interests and sentiments – strongly influenced the fortunes of Muslims in Quanzhou at large and especially those of the Pu and Jin lineages, whose descendants still live in Quanzhou and its surroundings. Under current political conditions, Muslim origin has become a desired token for asserting official Muslim-Chinese (Hui) ethnic identity. Thus, family branches that previously made efforts to conceal their ancestral identity are utilizing historical documentation, genealogical records, oral traditions and literature to provide new interpretations to their historical narratives, highlighting certain themes and playing down others, to emphasize their Muslim origin. This analysis sheds additional light on the changing roles of historical narratives in identity formation from the late imperial period until today.

Abstract: This essay seeks to establish a broader conceptual framework for studying the historical development of Latin American science fiction and its recent turn—in a genre usually focused on other times and worlds—to references to the past and present of Latin American history and culture. Valuable current studies of Latin American science fiction have been devoted primarily to the history of the genre itself and to tropes that have recurred in certain periods of the development of Latin American science fiction, such as cyborgs, androids, and zombies. Few have been devoted to the issues and forces at play in the current rise not only of science fiction in Latin America but of a recognizably Latin American form of science fiction. Through readings focused on the role of history and time in representative Latin American science fictional narratives of the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first centuries, from the Argentine Juana Manuela Gorriti and the Chilean Jorge Baradit to the Cuban Yoss, the pervasiveness of historicity, the view of indigenous knowledge as proto science (rather than superstition), and a penchant towards dystopias, horror, and the Gothic, are considered as possible defining traits of Latin American science fiction.