Abstract
Chlorophyll is a green photosynthetic pigment, and photosynthesis drives the global carbon cycle. The reduction of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide) in the penultimate stage of biosynthesis of chlorophyll (Chl) is catalyzed by light-independent protochlorophyllide reducatse (DPOR), and the light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR). The search was done to all manuscript sections according to terms chlorophyll, a light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase, ATP-dependent dark operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase, chlorophyll, photosynthesis and chlorophyllide. Within the framework of photosynthesis and chlorophyll, this review article was aimed to provide an overview of the functional studies in chlorophyll biosynthesis, protein crystal structure, disclosure of action mechanisms, and possible future available direction of LPOR and DPOR in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll.
Highlights
Chlorophyll and photosynthesis Chlorophyll is the main driving engine for photosynthesis (Hunter et al, 1994; Sun et al, 2019; Lu et al, 2020)
dark operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (DPOR) plays an important part in chlorophyll biosynthesis of gymnosperms, algae, mosses, ferns, and photosynthetic bacteria in the absence of light; DPOR shares notable amino acid sequence homologies with nitrogenase, only the initial catalytic steps look like nitrogenase catalysis (Brocker et al, 2008)
DPOR is made of electron donor (BchL) and acceptor (BchNB) component proteins; BchNB is further consisted of two subunits each of BchN and BchB arranged as an α2β2 heterotetramer with two active sites for substrate reduction (Corless et al, 2020)
Summary
Chlorophyll and photosynthesis Chlorophyll is the main driving engine for photosynthesis (Hunter et al, 1994; Sun et al, 2019; Lu et al, 2020). The reduction of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide) in the penultimate stage of biosynthesis of chlorophyll (Chl) is catalysed by light-independent protochlorophyllide reducatse (DPOR), and the lightdependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR).
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