Abstract

The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is the constriction muscle of the iris that occurs with increases in retinal illumination. The direct PLR, present in virtually all vertebrates, is the constriction of the pupil in the same eye as that stimulated with light. The consensual PLR is the constriction of the pupil in the eye opposite to the eye stimulated with light. In mammals with laterally placed eyes, such as the rat and rabbit, the direct PLR is more pronounced than the consensual PLR (Lowenstein & Loewenfeld, 1969; Clarke & Ikeda, 1985; Trejo & Cicerone, 1989). However, in those mammalian species with frontally placed eyes such as humans & monkeys, the direct and consensual PLR are essentially equal (Lowenstein & Loewenfeld, 1969).

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