THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN FULFILLING THE SPIRITUAL NEEDS OF THE ELDERLY IN RT 021/ RW 009 SAKO VILLAGE PALEMBANG CITY

Family supports is an effort to help and supporting someone if necessary. In elderly period, someone will having physical, psychology and social deteriorations. If the elderly getting older, they will have physically deterioration especially physical ability so it will influence their health. Otherwise, Elderly needs the family support to their health care. The purpose of this study was to indentify the family support in health care of elderly is Simpang Tiga Public Health Care Area’s. This was a quantitative study with descriptive design. Population were the elderly family. Sample were 97 peoples which taken by purposive sampling technique. The reserach instrument was used questionnaire. The data analyze was used univariate. The result showed that majority of elderly got physical care from family was good amount 55 peoples (56,7%), got psychology care from family was good amount 56 peoples (57,7%), got social care from family was good amount 55 peoples (56,7%) and got spiritual care from family was good amount 56 peoples (57,7%). It is recommended to family with elderly too increase the health care needs especially spiritual and social needs so influence betterquality of life in elderly. Keywords : Physical Care Needs, Psychological Care Needs, Social Care Needs, Spiritual Care Ceeds.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of care needs and identify related factors among patients after thyroid surgery at the National Hospital of Endocrinology. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 216 patients who underwent thyroid surgery at the National Hospital of Endocrinology from April to June 2025. Results: The majority of study participants were female (65.7%), with males accounting for 34.3%. The highest care needs were medical care (88.0%), followed by psychological care (83.3%) and physical care (79.2%). Social care needs had the lowest percentage (73.1%). Regarding general care needs, 98.1% of patients had care needs, and only 1.9% did not. The related factors are as follows: Age is associated with the patient’s medical care needs; occupation, education, place of residence, and disease stage are linked to the need for physical care; education level and disease stage are related to the need for mental care; and disease stage is associated with the need for social care. Conclusion: The study shows that the care needs of post-thyroid surgery patients at the National Hospital of Endocrinology are very high, especially for medical, psychological, and physical care. Factors such as age, occupation, education level, place of residence, and disease stage significantly influence the various care needs.

The Family and Medical Leave Act ("FMLA") recognizes an employee's right to take leave to care for a qualifying family member. In light of the Act's remedial nature, the intended scope of the care provision is broad, but its definitional details are sparse. As a result of the attendant interpretive discretion afforded to courts, the Seventh Circuit announced its rejection of the requirement-- first articulated by the Ninth Circuit--that care provided during travel be related to continuing medical treatment. A facial analysis of the resulting circuit split fails to appreciate the fundamental difference between the Seventh and Ninth Circuits' considerations: the distinction between physical and psychological care. Whereas physical care is readily measurable, psychological care is less defined and, consequently, ripe to facilitate FMLA abuse. Efforts to combat this potential lead courts to impose judicially devised limitations on psychological care, but judicial discretion still infuses some uncertainty into proceedings. For employers, the best remedy lies in the FMLA's optional certification provision, which requires medical validation of an employee’s need for leave. In requiring certification, employers should distinguish between physical and psychological care, maximize the FMLA’s informational requirements, and implement complete and consistent request and approval procedures.

The research aims to find out how the implementation of marriage regulations, Marriage Law no. 16 of 2019 in Kemuning District, Palembang City. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used include observation, interview and documentation methods, as well as sampling techniques, namely, with individuals and groups who may have information about the subject being studied. Qualitative descriptive method was used as a research method. As data collection methods, observation, survey and documentation methods were used, as well as sampling methods, namely, people who knew the subject of investigation in Kemuning District, Palembang City. Furthermore, the results of the analysis and field results of this research use Van Metter and Van Horn's theory which includes 6 indicators, namely size and policy, resources, implementation characteristics, implementation attitude, communication between organizations, economic, social and political environment. This indicates that the government itself has not implemented it effectively. good and optimal Decree Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage in Kemuning District, Palembang City. The unfavorable social, economic and political environment causes the implementation of Law No. 16 concerning Marriage to not run smoothly and optimally. Based on the research conducted, it was found that the implementation of the marriage dispensation by the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Kemuning District, Palembang City has not run well and optimally because the local government has not been optimal and the social, economic and political environment has not run well and optimally. Keywords: Implementation; Marriage; Dispensation

Background:The use of long-term care services has risen and this trend is expected to continue as the population reaches old age.Objectives:This study was performed to assess the caring conditions in nursing homes.Patients and Methods:This study was conducted with a qualitative approach using conventional qualitative content analysis. The study was conducted on 23 Iranian participants including 14 elders and 9 caregivers. Data was collected with unstructured interviews and continued to the point of data saturation. Analysis of data was performed continually and concurrently with data collection through a comparative method.Results:Three themes emerged from 595 open codes including care as unpleasant task, sustained care and insufficient resources. Ten subthemes indicated participants’ experiences and understanding of caring conditions in a nursing home.Conclusions:The prevailing given care was the routine one with a focus on physical aspects, although there was some psychological care given to the older people. The findings of this research are guidelines for managers and care planners in nursing homes who should pay attention to physical and psychological care needs of older people. In addition, it is important to pay close attention to the needs of caregivers and provision of instructions for treatment, supervision and education of caregivers and medical students to provide a better care.

Background: The use of long-term care services has risen and this trend is expected to continue as the population reaches old age. Objectives: This study was performed to assess the caring conditions in nursing homes. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted with a qualitative approach using conventional qualitative content analysis. The study was conducted on 23 Iranian participants including 14 elders and 9 caregivers. Data was collected with unstructured interviews and continued to the point of data saturation. Analysis of data was performed continually and concurrently with data collection through a comparative method. Results: Three themes emerged from 595 open codes including care as unpleasant task, sustained care and insufficient resources. Ten subthemes indicated participants’ experiences and understanding of caring conditions in a nursing home. Conclusions: The prevailing given care was the routine one with a focus on physical aspects, although there was some psychological care given to the older people. The findings of this research are guidelines for managers and care planners in nursing homes who should pay attention to physical and psychological care needs of older people. In addition, it is important to pay close attention to the needs of caregivers and provision of instructions for treatment, supervision and education of caregivers and medical students to provide a better care.

ObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of unmet physical and psychological supportive care needs and associated factors among adult patients with cancer in Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA...

This study discusses the evaluation of political communication between the political elite and the community in 9 Ilir Village, Ilir Timur III District, Palembang City. In this study, the approach used is a qualitative approach, with 6 informants. This research was conducted in 9 Ilir Village, Ilir Timur III District, Palembang City. Data collection techniques using observation techniques, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used interactive analysis with steps of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the evaluation of political communication between political elites and the community in 9 Ilir Village, Ilir Timur III District, Palembang City so far has gone well, this can be seen from the political communication process of the political elite, in simple terms, the communication process consists of several elements, namely: Communicate as a giver of information; Information, data, facts, or opinions as the message conveyed; and Communicators as recipients of information. In addition, communication will require media or means in the process of delivering information from the communicant to the communicator. After the delivery of information occurs, then there will be reciprocity of the communication process. Likewise, in political communication, in the process there is an exchange of political information from the communicant to the communicator.

BackgroundAs Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive disease for which there is no cure yet, patients in the advanced stage of HD may benefit from palliative care.ObjectiveTo review the literature focusing on palliative care in advanced stage HD, and the level of evidence.MethodsPublications between 1993 and October 29th, 2021 from 8 databases (Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, Emcare, PsycINFO, Academic Search Premier, PMC PubMed Central and Pubmed) were included. The literature was deductively classified based on topics that are part of the definition of palliative care, or as care-related topics that emerged from the literature. Levels of evidence I (high) – V (low) were determined as defined by the Joanna Briggs Institute.ResultsOur search resulted in 333 articles, 38 of which were included. The literature covered four domains of palliative care: physical care, psychological care, spiritual care, and social care. Four other topics in the literature were: advance care planning, end-of-life needs assessments, pediatric HD care, and need for health care services. Most literature was underpinned by a low level of evidence, except for the topics on social care (Level III-V), advance care planning (Level II-V) and end-of-life needs assessments (Level II-III).ConclusionsTo deliver adequate palliative care in advanced HD, both general and HD-specific symptoms and problems need to be addressed. As the level of evidence in existing literature is low, further research is essential to improve palliative care and to meet patient’s wishes and needs.

To explore and compare older home care clients' (65+) and their professionals' perceptions of the clients' psychological well-being and care and to identify possible differences in these perceptions. Psychological well-being is considered an important dimension of quality of life. With advancing age, older people require home care support to be able to remain in their own home. The main goal of care is to maximise their independence and quality of life. Descriptive, survey design with questionnaire. A postal questionnaire was distributed to 200 older home care clients and 570 social and health care professionals in 2007. The total response rate was 63%. The questionnaire consisted of questions about clients' psychological well-being and the provision of care by home care professionals. The differences in responses between clients and professionals were analysed using cross-tabulations, the Pearson Chi-Square Test and Fisher's Exact Tests. The professional group believed that their clients did not have plans for the future. They believed that their clients felt themselves depressed and suffering from loneliness significantly more often than the client group did. The client group were also significantly more critical of the care (motivating independent actions, physical, psychological and social care) they got from the professional group than how the professionals evaluated the care they gave. To be able to support older clients to continue living at home, professionals need to provide a service that meets client's own perceptions and complex social and health care needs as well as personal sense of well-being. The findings offer useful insights for the professional in planning and delivering appropriate home care services. A better understanding of differences between clients' and professionals' perceptions could lead to a better individualised care outcome.

This research analyze the digital economy challenges in the informal sector. The method of quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches, In the quantitative method, data collection was carried out through surveys in 18 sub-districts 384 respondents. Meanwhile, in the qualitative method, interview guides were employed from 18 informants. Furthermore, the data obtained was analyzed using data reduction, data display, drawing conclusions, and verification. The main research result indicated that the digital economy is vital in increasing income and ease of transaction processes. The potential for the ecommerce industry was enormous in the Palembang city. People living in major cities made digital ecommerce technology part of their lifestyle to meet their living needs. From the data obtained, the main factor as a challenge in the Palembang city was the lack of customers. It showed an indication of tight competition. Competition between sellers was a challenge in the informal sector, especially in utilizing the digital economy in Palembang city. In short, Based on the field results obtained, it shows that the type of business is relatively homogeneous So that it has a positive impact, such as being able to increase income by utilizing digital technology like today.

To understand the clinical and psychosocial journey of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) palliative care patients. This study was conducted at a subacute hospital with a specialist palliative care unit and a community palliative care service in a metropolitan region of New South Wales, Australia. Medical records of 100 deceased patients from CALD backgrounds over a 12-month period from 2014 to 2015 were recorded on a data mining tool. The cohort had transitioned to either community or inpatient palliative care services with a life-limiting illness. We used descriptive statistical analyses to identify the patients' end-of-life journeys in the physical, psychological, spiritual, and social palliative care domains. Staff case notes were used to enrich the quantitative data. The most common symptoms burdening the patients were decreased mobility (82%), pain (76%), and poor appetite (60%). The majority of patients (87%) were diagnosed with cancer. Language was a major barrier to the assessment and management of symptoms. The vast majority of patients were born in Europe and Asia. Twenty-nine percent of the patients preferred to use English. However, among patients who required an interpreter on admission, only 9% used professional interpreters. Family distress around patients' lack of food consumption was prominent, along with provider concern when this led to families "force feeding" patients. Only 5% of files documented patients', and 21% of files documented families', cultural wishes or needs. Care of the body after death was only documented in 20% of files. The increasing cohort of older people from CALD backgrounds will have significant implications for the planning and delivery of palliative care services. There is an emerging need to address the physical, psychological, spiritual, and social palliative care domains in the end-of-life journeys of patients from CALD backgrounds to ensure the provision of quality care.

Backgound: Based on Presidential Regulation No. 82 of 2018, regional governments that carry out the Regional Health Insurance are obliged to integrate it into JKN (National Health Insurance) Program held by the BPJS (Health Insurance Organizing Agency). Similarly, the Government of South Sumatra Province has suspended the Jamsoskes Sumatera Selatan Semesta Program commercing January 1, 2019 by issuing Circular Letter Number 057/DINKES/SE/2018. This study aimed to analyze the integration implementation of Jamsoskes Sumatera Selatan Semesta into the JKN Program in Palembang City. Method: This study used qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, literature review and field observations. There were 7 informants selected by purposive technique carry out at the Public Health Office, BPJS Health, Social Service, and Puskesmas (Community Health Center). Result: Communication (Transmission, Clarity and Consistency) in implementing the were carried out quite well because each relevant agency had followed up the Circular Letter and disseminated the information clearly and consinstently to the implementing unit underneath it. Resource, there were still obstacles in the form of funds and limited data poor. Disposition, all parties involved in the integration supported this integration. Bureaucratic Structure, there was no Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) at several relevant agencies to carry out the integration. Distribution of responsibilities was carried out by means of stakeholder coordination meetings. Conclusion: The integration still faces obstacles in the form of limited funds to cover people who have not received health insurance and poor popilation data that has not been verified and validated so that the social service needs to directly improve the community data by conducting data collection on poor people in the Palembang city. Keywords: Integration, Jamsoskes, Nasional Health Insurance

Background and aim Spirituality as the essence of human existence and a healing factor in mankind has been increasingly emphasized in recent years. Spirituality along with three other domains of holistic care, namely biological, psychological and social has a particular importance.Holistic view provides a suitable approach for health professionals including nurses to focus on all aspects of human. World Health Organization (WHO), International Council of Nurses (ICN), ethical codes of universities worldwide and most theorists of nursing have emphasized on the instruction of spirituality and spiritual care in the frame of holistic approach. Since nurses are responsible to provide physical, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual care, they need to know how to respond to spiritual needs of their patients. This review article is intended to reveal the importance of spirituality and spiritual care instruction in nursing and focuses on legal as well as ethical requirements for its incorporation in educational planning as a challenge in baccalaureate nursing curriculum in Iran. Materials and methods A comprehensive review of literature in the Internet was performed to cover all material from 1980 to 2009. Keywords of the review included nursing, spirituality care education and spiritual care in domestic as well as international databases such as IranMedex, Irandoc, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ERIC, ProQuest and Ovid. Findings The review indicated that in most curriculums of western and eastern countries, instruction of spirituality and spiritual care is included; however, due to different reasons, nurses still do not have necessary preparations to identify and satisfy spiritual needs of their clients and require further academic education. In Iran, no study was found related to the necessity of inclusion of spirituality and spiritual care in the curriculum of baccalaureate nursing students. Conclusion Nursing educators play a critical role in the preparation of students to diagnose and satisfy clients’ spiritual needs. The principles of spirituality and spiritual care should be included and taught in the curriculum of the students. Keywords: Spirituality, Spiritual care, Nursing education, Curriculum. * Corresponding Author: Abdollah Khorami Markani, PhD Student, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Shariati, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: Khorami.Abdolah@gmail.com

Major advances in cancer treatment over the past two decades have dramatically improved survival rates for paediatric oncology patients. Cancer in children is no longer a deadly disease but a chronic illness. Thus, the quality of life (QOL) for children who have cancer is an important issue for those who are currently suffering and those who have completed treatment. Some consensus about the definition of quality of life has been reached; that it is subjective and multidimensional. When children assess their own quality of life, the first problem encountered is how to measure the subjective perspective of QOL when children have limited cognitive ability or are too sick to use measurement tools. This is the first book that addresses the issues of quality of life for children with cancer including conceptual/theoretical issues, measurement, and how the QOL is affected throughout treatment, from diagnosis to long-term survival. The book has seventeen chapters, with findings based on research by the authors and which are clearly documented. The author indicates that this book is written as in two major themes: ‘to increase public awareness of the progress that has been made in treating childhood cancer’ and to what extent ‘treatment for cancer affects the child's QOL’ (p. 3). In order to present both comprehensive and substantial context, the author has organized this book into five major parts. The first part emphasizes the importance of holistic care of children. The next chapters deals with an overview of medical care for childhood cancer, the history and consequent development of psychosocial care, the theoretical and methodological assumptions of QOL, and emotional, social and behavioural outcomes for children with cancer. Medical treatment discussed includes an overview of treatment, prognosis and long term survival. Psychosocial care is also described in chronological order (from diagnosis to long term survival). There are pragmatic discussions of theories and methods in assessing QOL, which are very informative. However, there is one important theoretical framework—Hinds and Haase's work on ‘substantive models for quality of life in paediatric oncology patients’—which is not included (Hinds and Haase, 1998). Part II covers a variety of effects of treatment for paediatric cancer and includes chapters on effects of diagnosis of cancer in children at different ages and different approaches to communicating with paediatric oncology patients. It also includes outcomes used to measure behaviour and adjustment of the patients, such as depression, anxiety, self-esteem, body image, and coping. The issues of validity between parental proxy and patient report are also discussed in describing children's behaviour and adjustment. The normality of going back to school is also important for long term survivorship. The chapter also covers the child's school behaviour and social relationships, as well as interventions to promote the child's reintegration after she/he returns to school Part III covers the importance of family cancer care, by considering how cancer treatment affects children, parents and healthy siblings. The responses of the family to diagnosis, treatment, and long term physical and psychological effects are described. Psychological interventions and follow up clinics for survivors and parents are needed to promote a healthy lifestyle. Gender differences (between mothers and fathers) are also discussed. Part IV describes the long term consequences of surviving paediatric oncology in terms of later physiological and psychological effects. Paediatric oncology patients are highly vulnerable to some lifestyles related to the risk of cancer (such as smoking and sexual activity). The author states ‘it is not enough to give people health information but they need also to understand how themselves can improve their health’ (p.213). Interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle are suggested and a recommendation is made that children should be examined in clinics on a regular basis for continuous care. Part V covers the need for assessing quality of life as an outcome indicator for paediatric oncology. This differs from adult oncology in that the treatment protocol for paediatric oncology is more aggressive in aiming to cure the disease, and survivors are at risk for later physical and psychological effects. Different measures of quality of life, both parent-completed and children's self-reports, are discussed in terms of concepts, and psychometric properties, both for paediatric oncology patients currently undergoing treatment and long term survivors. This book will help multidisciplinary health care professionals in dealing with the complex and difficult problems of paediatric oncology patients, their parents and healthy siblings. This is the only recent comprehensive book on physical and psychological care, as well as quality of life in survivors. An important part of this book is its overview of physical and psychological care from diagnosis to long term survival. This is a very practical work for all health care professionals, including the paediatric oncologists, paediatricians, nurses, psychologists and social workers who care for these patients. I highly recommend this book to my colleagues in the field of paediatric oncology.