The role of terminal dental defects in the development of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (literature review)

Abstract

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) performs about 2000 different movements per day, therefore it is one of the most frequently functioning joints in the human body. The causes of TMJ pathology are quite diverse and until now scientists have not come to a consensus on this issue. Partial absence of teeth is a fairly common pathology of the dentoalveolar system and occurs in 75% of the adult population. The lack of treatment for this pathology for several years leads to a spatial topographic and anatomical restructuring of the elements of the temporomandibular joint. Defects in the dentition in combination with occlusive disorders are one of the main etiological factors in the development of TMJ dysfunction. The analysis of 105 studies of domestic and foreign authors on the effect of dentition defects on the formation of TMJ dysfunction was carried out. Of these, 71 sources were included in the analysis of the article. Many authors have reliably proven the relationship between occlusal disorders, due to distally unlimited defects in the dentition, and TMJ dysfunction. In addition, it has been proven that the signs of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint are more pronounced in patients with unilateral terminal defects of the dentition.