Abstract
In cutting operations of titanium alloys, most of the problems are related to the high consumption of cutting tools due to excessive wear. An improvement of metalworking fluid (MWF) technology would increase the productivity, sustainability, and quality of machining processes by lubricating and cooling. In this research article, the authors varied the surfactant’s charge, the hydrocarbon chain length, and the ethoxylation degree. Surfactants were dispersed at 1.2 mM in water and trimethylolpropane oleate to produce water-based MWF. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and total organic carbon analysis were used to study the influence of surfactant structure on the film forming ability of the emulsion and performance was studied on Ti6Al4V using tapping torque test. The results showed that by changing the molecular structure of the surfactant, it is possible to vary the affinity between the ester and the substrate and reach an optimal combination, which improves the formation of a tribofilm. The mixture with anionic surfactants has good tribology performance, while non-ionic surfactants shorten the tool’s life. Moreover, the increase in the hydrocarbon chain length and the number of ethoxylations of surfactants promotes the adhesion of ester onto the metal surface, improving the lubricity properties of environmentally friendly MWF.
Highlights
Titanium and its alloys are considered difficult-to-cut materials due to their low thermal conductivity, high hardness, and high chemical reactivity at elevated temperatures
To study the impact of anionic and non-ionic surfactant molecular structure on the lubricity performance of metalworking fluid (MWF) products, a surfactant system was generated for each substance listed in Table
MWFthe emulsions containing the surfactant under study show being treated with the several emulsions containing the surfactant under study and points the tapping torque mean value (TTT) from each formulation
Summary
Titanium and its alloys are considered difficult-to-cut materials due to their low thermal conductivity, high hardness, and high chemical reactivity at elevated temperatures. Most of the problems related to conventional machining of titanium alloys are associated with the high consumption of cutting tools due to excessive wear caused by the high temperature reached during the cutting process as well as the tendency of the chip to weld to the tool. The lack of BUE (Built-up edge) increases abrasion and chip welding. The combination of these characteristics and the relatively poor thermal conductivity of titanium causes unusually high temperatures at the tool’s edge [1], causing premature tool failure and promoting corrosion, residual stress formation, and micro-cracks [2]. Coating on carbide tools has no beneficial effect on their
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