Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a new group of plant hormones, which have been intensively investigated during the last few years. The wide spectrum of SLs actions, including the regulation of shoot/root architecture, and the stimulation of the interactions between roots and fungi or bacteria, as well as the stimulation of germination of parasitic plants, indicates that this group of hormones may play an important role in the mechanisms that control soil exploration, and the root-mediated uptake of nutrients. Current studies have shown that SLs might be factors that have an influence on the plant response to a deficiency of macronutrients. Experimental data from the last four years have confirmed that the biosynthesis and exudation of SLs are increased under phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency. All these data suggest that SLs may regulate the complex response to nutrient stress, which include not only the modification of the plant developmental process, but also the cooperation with other organisms in order to minimize the effects of threats. In this paper the results of studies that indicate that SLs play an important role in the response to nutrient stress are reviewed and the consequences of the higher biosynthesis and exudation of SLs in response to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency are discussed.
Highlights
Strigolactones (SLs) are a new group of plant hormones that have been intensively investigated during the last few years
The root exudate of plants grown under K deficiency did not stimulate the germination of parasitic seeds [40]. These results showed that low K conditions did not cause a higher biosynthesis and exudation of 5-deoxystrigol, which could be measured using liquid-chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and that it did not affect the exudation of other SLs that might stimulate the germination of S. hermonthica seeds
An analysis of Arabidopsis mutants that were deficient in SL biosynthesis and signaling revealed more a branched phenotype of root systems that was caused by a higher number of lateral roots (LRs) than in the wild-type (Col-0)
Summary
Strigolactones (SLs) are a new group of plant hormones that have been intensively investigated during the last few years. SLs were identified as signaling molecules that play an important function during the stimulation of symbiosis between plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), mainly as a hyphal branching factor [2]. The Arabidopsis orthologue of D27 was characterized recently and detailed studies allowed the presented model of SLs biosynthesis to be proposed [20] (Figure 1). Both CCDs have been identified in many different species [21] and the analysis of mutants carrying lesions in the genes that encode these enzymes have allowed the role of SLs in the regulation of shoot branching to be described [4,5]. The potential role of SLs in responses to other abiotic stresses was present
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