Abstract
This study determined the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from 246 clinical samples collected at a tertiary care hospital, its antimicrobial susceptibility, spectrum of infections and the associated risk factors. Standard procedures were used for isolation, screening, and susceptibility testing. The result showed that 41 (40.2%) out of 102 S. aureus isolated were methicillin-resistant while 61 (59.8%) were methicillin-sensitive. The prevalence rate of MRSA for male and female group was 37.3% and 43.1% respectively. Thirty (73.2%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates were obtained from inpatients while 11 (26.8%) were from outpatients. MRSA were significantly isolated from the Orthopaedic ward (OR=3.36; P=0.031) and the antenatal ward (OR=8.33; P=0.037). High resistance rates were exhibited by MRSA isolates to cefotaxime (102, 79.4%) and clindamycin (102, 49%) but had low resistance rates to gentamicin (102, 27.5%) and chloramphenicol (n=102, 28.4%). MRSA were more significantly resistant to gentamicin (χ 2 =12.284; p=0.0001), clindamycin (χ 2 =20.234; p=0.0001) and cefotaxime (χ 2 =13.812; p=0.0002) than MSSA. Thirtytwo (78%) out of 41 MRSA isolated were multidrug resistant. All isolates (MRSA and MSSA) were susceptible to vancomycin with MIC values ranging from 2.1 to 0.12 µg/ml. This study showed a high prevalence of MRSA in clinical infections that were resistant to treatment options in OAUTHC, Ile-Ife. Being in the antenatal and orthopaedic wards is a predictor of MRSA infections in the hospital. In spite of reports that vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is increasing, it is yet to be a problem in the hospital and vancomycin remains a drug of choice for the treatment of MRSA and multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.
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