The Role of Khalwat as a Coping Mechanism for Stress Among Kudus Mountaineers

The paper examines stress management and coping mechanism through health education at tertiary level of education in Zamfara state, Nigeria. The aim of the paper is to identify the strategies, procedures for stress management and coping mechanisms through health education in Zamfara state. In order to achieve this aim therefore, the paper review related literature such as introduction that provide a brief caption of what the paper is all about, the concept of health education as a process of enlighten peoples about their health in physical, mental, emotional and psychological wellbeing through health advocacy, sensitization and awareness, stress and it types such as acute and chronic stress. Biological need for stress equilibrium, signs and causes of stress, stress management techniques and stress coping mechanisms as well as healthy ways to cope with stress, roles of health education in stress management were discussed. Meanwhile, the paper recommended some of the following suggestions, Health education should be given priority through enlightenment and advocacy on stress management strategies and coping mechanism as well as pros and cons involve towards mitigating self-care when dealing with difficult stress situations. Individuals should be enlightened through health education to developed and adopt the spirit of engaging in an exercise thereby securing at least hour and a quarter (1:15 minutes) per week could help to reduce the risk of early death, cardiovascular diseases, stroke and cancer.

Purpose: The study compares stress levels and coping mechanisms among women bank employees in Kanpur City, focusing on key stressors, coping mechanisms, and differences in effectiveness. It aims to contribute to understanding stressors faced by women in the banking sector, inform strategies for improving well-being, and contribute to gender equity and workplace health efforts. Theoretical Framework: The study on stress levels and coping mechanisms among women bank employees in Kanpur City uses a theoretical framework. Key components include the transactional model of stress and coping, job demands-resources model, gender role theory, intersectionality theory, organizational factors, organizational culture and climate, and organizational support theory. The mixed-methods approach is used to capture the complexity of stress experiences and coping mechanisms. The framework also emphasizes creating healthy work environments to mitigate stress and enhance well-being. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study aims to assess stress levels and coping mechanisms among women bank employees in Kanpur City using a comparative design and mixed-methods approach. The target population includes women from public and private sector banks. Data collection methods include structured surveys and in-depth interviews. The study will analyze data using statistical techniques and qualitative analysis. Ethical considerations include informed consent, confidentiality, and ethical approval. Limitations include sampling biases and the study's specificity to Kanpur City. Practical implications include policy recommendations and contribution to existing literature on stress management and workplace support. Findings: The study on stress levels and coping mechanisms among women bank employees in Kanpur City is hypothetical. However, the findings can be presented and interpreted using a structured section. The summary should include a summary of the key findings, quantitative data comparison, demographic influences, qualitative themes, coping mechanisms, and sector differences. The findings should be compared and analyzed using theoretical frameworks, and the implications should be discussed for organizational policies and practices. Implications: The study on stress levels and coping mechanisms among women bank employees in Kanpur City suggests implementing gender-sensitive support programs, promoting work-life balance, and enhancing resilience training. It also emphasizes equal opportunities for career development and mentorship programs. The study also contributes to stress theory, gender equity, and policy development, urging regulatory oversight and industry collaboration. It also has societal implications, as it can lead to societal changes and inspire future generations. The findings can guide policy and practice in the banking sector.

Workplace stress and coping mechanism in a cohort of Indian service industry

Background: Mental health is a major public health concern affecting many populations worldwide, including university students. There has been mounting evidence of various coping mechanisms which are being utilised by the university student population and various studies have shown their effects on mental health. Physiotherapy students undergo health personnel training which is attributed to high levels of stress due to the high clinical demands, academic pressure and practical skills that must be developed to deliver hands-on expertise. Although various studies on stress levels and coping mechanisms have been documented internationally, stress levels and stress-coping mechanisms have not been studied extensively in the university setting locally, among physiotherapy students, and not much has been seen about the use of physical exercise (PE) as an effective and healthy stress-coping mechanism. Objective: To investigate the role of PE as a stress-coping mechanism amongst physiotherapy students at the University of Zambia (UNZA), Ridgeway campus. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive method was used in this study. A quota sampling method was used to get a representation of the entire full-time, undergraduate physiotherapy student population. Focus group discussions were used to collect data. Four focus groups were formed with each class having 7, 10, 10, and 8 participants, respectively. Audio-recorded data was transcribed and reported verbatim, and deductive thematic analysis was employed as the focus group discussion guide was based on predetermined themes from the objectives of the study. Results: The study showed that student stress levels differed significantly with the year of study, with senior students (fourth and fifth years) reporting to feel more stressed. On the other hand, for the junior students, while second years found their course load to be manageable, most third years described their course load to be stressful. Stress-coping mechanisms differed among students. Most females were seen to use emotion-focused and avoidant coping mechanisms such as sleeping, talking to people, listening to music, watching movies, and stress-eating. While most males were seen to use problem-focused coping such as jogging, running, and taking walks. Students also showed awareness of the physiological effects exercise has in improving a person’s mood. Conclusion: The physical benefits of physical exercise are well known and documented, but its use in mental health promotion amongst students is not known. The findings showed that despite most of the participants being aware of the role of physical exercise in stress-coping, very few intentionally utilise it to cope with stress. This finding shows that more efforts should be channelled into health promotion and collaborations with university management to promote mental health and incorporate PE and its importance in mental health and overall well-being.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to assess the Advantages, Benefits, Constraints and Disadvantages of stress coping mechanism through ABCD analysis framework in order to identify the critical constituent elements and factors affecting stress coping mechanism. Design: The existing literatures were reviewed to obtain depth understanding of stress coping mechanism and its attributes. The researcher adopted focused group interview method where their perception on stress coping mechanism was taken by assigning weights which was further analyzed quantitatively. Findings: Quantitative analysis of ABCD framework demonstrated high weightage of advantageous factors towards stress coping mechanism followed by benefit factors. Particularly it was found that stress coping mechanism has high advantages and benefits compared to constraints and disadvantages depicting its effectiveness in coping stress. Originality value: This paper not only facilitates depth understanding of various factors affecting stress coping mechanism but also provides a direction towards establishing measurement scales for stress coping mechanism in the future research. Hence this study acts as guiding tool for the academician, researchers, psychiatrists and HR policymakers to enhance employee productivity. Paper Type: Empirical Paper.

"Ensuring the mental health and psychological well-being of undergraduates has become a significant concern in higher education, with gender differences playing a vital role in the dynamics of stress perception and coping mechanisms. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to examine gender differences in perceived academic stress and the various gendered coping strategies employed to manage it. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 75 women and 75 men enrolled in management degree programs at a selected university in Sri Lanka. The overall mean scores reveal that academic stress is a common experience among students in the faculty, with students reporting relatively moderate to high levels of academic stress. Among the respondents, women reported experiencing more academic stress than men. Although both male and female students encounter academic stress, their experiences and coping strategies differ. Women, despite employing a wider range of coping strategies, both active and passive, still reported higher stress levels, suggesting that the strategies they use may not be sufficient to mitigate the intensity of academic stress. In contrast, men reported using fewer coping strategies, indicating either underreporting of stress or lower emotional engagement with academic stressors. The findings of the research emphasise how management undergraduates experience and manage their overwhelming academic stress. The gender-based differences in academic stress levels and coping mechanisms that were examined indicate that when universities are creating support services or interventions to help students manage academic stress, they should take their gender diversity into account. Keywords: Academic stress, gender, stress coping "

Possible interactive effects of demographic factors and stress coping mechanisms on depression and anxiety in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Stress is a prevalent issue among college students, exacerbated by academic demands, workload, time pressure, and future career concerns. Vocational and technical college students face additional stressors related to specialized programs, including technical skills training and industry expectations. This study focuses on stress levels and coping mechanisms among students at the XXX College in Guangdong, China, using a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with 35 participants, revealing academic pressure, financial concerns, and personal/social challenges as significant stressors. Coping mechanisms included seeking social support, engaging in recreational activities, practicing mindfulness, and seeking professional help. The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and support systems to enhance student well-being and academic success in vocational and technical education.

This study examines the influence of sports participation as a stress coping mechanism on the academic performance of high school students. In contemporary educational settings, students face increasing academic pressure, which often leads to elevated stress levels that can negatively impact both mental well-being and academic outcomes. This research aims to explore whether involvement in sports can serve as an effective strategy to manage academic stress and enhance performance. The study focuses on students in classes IX and X, utilizing a sample of 100 participants from selected government schools. A comparative and correlational research design is employed to analyze differences in stress levels, coping mechanisms, and academic performance between students who participate in sports and those who do not. Data are collected using self-report measures assessing academic stress, coping strategies, and academic achievement. The study hypothesizes that sports participation is associated with lower stress levels, more effective coping mechanisms, and improved academic performance. Findings are expected to contribute to the understanding of the psychological and educational benefits of sports, emphasizing its role in promoting holistic student development. The results may provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and parents to integrate structured physical activities into academic environments as a means of enhancing both mental health and academic success.

The model for developing Islamic religious education (PAI) materials based on religious moderation to shape the character of the nation's children at the upper secondary level of education is urgently needed because the phenomena of radicalism and intolerance are spreading in the world of education. In this case the role of the teacher in the learning process is needed to deliver the younger generation in shaping the nation's character. This research focuses on the model of developing Islamic religious education material based on religious moderation, the material is designed according to the values of religious moderation with active learning strategies, and is able to shape character . This study uses a qualitative approach and data collection techniques are used by means of: in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation, and focus group discussions. Checking the validity of the data through: extending the researcher's presence in the field, triangulation, peer discussions, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The informants for this study were school principals, students, teachers at senior high schools in Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that religious moderation-based Islamic education material development models are able to shape the character of students effectively and efficiently. The implication of this study is to become a reference for upper secondary level teachers in the process of learning PAI material. In addition, this research also contribute theoretically to the government in the development of religious moderation-based PAI materials.

Academic stress is often found in students and is sometimes difficult to avoid. Stressful conditions often have a negative impact on students' mental health. For this sake, adaptive coping strategies are needed. This present study aims at: (1) describing the level of family resilience; academic self-efficacy; stress coping mechanisms; (2) analyzing the influence of family resilience and academic self-efficacy on stress coping mechanisms. Questionnaires were used as the instrument of this study and multiple regression techniques were applied as the techniques for data analysis. The result revealed that family resilience has a significant effect on stress coping mechanisms (Sig. 0.047 < 0.05), academic self-efficacy has a significant effect on stress coping mechanisms (Sig. 0.005 < 0.05). The effective contribution is 21.58%, family resilience and academic self-efficacy have a significant effect on stress coping mechanisms. Meanwhile, the relative contribution of family resilience to stress coping mechanisms is 38.6%, academic self-efficacy to stress coping mechanisms is 61.4%. Academic self-efficacy has a stronger influence on stress coping mechanisms. In this way, families are expected to increase their family's resilience, students are expected to increase their academic self-efficacy so that they have good stress coping mechanisms and are adaptive in dealing with their academic problems.

Aims: To identify the potential environmental impacts and influence of climate change on the pond fishery in haor region and impact of exotic species on the indigenous species through aquaculture.
 Study Design: An investigation on the influence of the pond fishery approach to determine whether the approach is successful with respect to the climate change impacts in the haor area.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study sites are located in five haor districts in Bangladesh for a period of one-year (May 2018 – April 2019) covering HILIP working area.
 Methodology: The study includes collection and analyses of both quantitative and qualitative data. For quantitative study, 92 sample households in 58 unions of 28 upazilas (sub-districts) in five project districts were randomly selected. Fish catch data, including information on species composition, production and sale were collected from perennial and seasonal ponds. The qualitative primary data obtained through in-depth interviews, key informants interviews and focus group discussions have been used in this paper.
 Results: Fish production was found to be better at perennial ponds, but not significantly more than that in the seasonal ponds. However, biodiversity was found to be better in seasonal ponds and greater than that in the perennial ponds. The findings clearly support the observation that pond fish culture is an attractive activity for haor people, especially those who are able to run both perennial and seasonal ponds and manage minimum feeding requirements, maintain those and market the outputs effectively. The present study fills gaps in existing knowledge of fish pond culture diffusion in haor region of Bangladesh.
 Conclusions: Pond fishery appears to perform better so, aquaculture production would mitigate some lost capture fisheries in the haor area of Bangladesh. Existing cultural practices could support experimentation and learning under future initiatives in the haor area. Pond fishery in the haor area mainly has an income-generating feature and less probability of being affected by climate change impacts. However, future initiatives should emphasize on culturing fish, which has the potential of balancing the haor ecosystem.
 Aims: To identify the potential environmental impacts and influence of climate change on the pond fishery in haor region and impact of exotic species on the indigenous species through aquaculture.
 Study Design: An investigation on the influence of the pond fishery approach to determine whether the approach is successful with respect to the climate change impacts in the haor area.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study sites are located in five haor districts in Bangladesh for a period of one-year (May 2018 – April 2019) covering HILIP working area.
 Methodology: The study includes collection and analyses of both quantitative and qualitative data. For quantitative study, 92 sample households in 58 unions of 28 upazilas (sub-districts) in five project districts were randomly selected. Fish catch data, including information on species composition, production and sale were collected from perennial and seasonal ponds. The qualitative primary data obtained through in-depth interviews, key informants interviews and focus group discussions have been used in this paper.
 Results: Fish production was found to be better at perennial ponds, but not significantly more than that in the seasonal ponds. However, biodiversity was found to be better in seasonal ponds and greater than that in the perennial ponds. The findings clearly support the observation that pond fish culture is an attractive activity for haor people, especially those who are able to run both perennial and seasonal ponds and manage minimum feeding requirements, maintain those and market the outputs effectively. The present study fills gaps in existing knowledge of fish pond culture diffusion in haor region of Bangladesh.
 Conclusions: Pond fishery appears to perform better so, aquaculture production would mitigate some lost capture fisheries in the haor area of Bangladesh. Existing cultural practices could support experimentation and learning under future initiatives in the haor area. Pond fishery in the haor area mainly has an income-generating feature and less probability of being affected by climate change impacts. However, future initiatives should emphasize on culturing fish, which has the potential of balancing the haor ecosystem.

Stress is a worldwide phenomenon that impacts workplaces on a global scale. The aim of this study is to conduct a critical analysis of approaches used by the institution in management of the stress level in government and private universities. This study presents a systematic review on the basis of data collected from different university teachers of Punjab. Study makes the use of questionnaire for collection of data from both the government as well as private universities in equal promotion. Use of both closed-ended as well as open-ended questions have been made in the questionnaire to assist in collection of qualitative and quantitative data for assessment of stress levels and coping mechanisms used by government and private university teachers. Data analysis has been done on the basis of review of literature. The study reports that there are different strategies or methods employed by government and private teachers in order to cope up with job stress, which include adoption of recreational activities, counseling sessions, meeting and conferences, yoga and meditation, and various other activities

This study aims to describe the process, effectiveness, constraints, and solutions of the application of the Flipped Classroom method combined with the Team Games Tournament strategy in class XI MIPA 1 students in SMA Negeri 1 Kota Mungkid. This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches (mixing methods). The qualitative approach design uses a case study, while the quantitative one uses a pre-experimental one group pretest posttest design. Qualitative data collection using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Quantitative data collection using a questionnaire. The validity of qualitative data uses triangulation of sources and techniques, while the validity of quantitative data uses content validity that is tested by the Correlation Product Moment formula rough numbers and reliability of test instruments are tested using KR 20. Analysis of data in qualitative approaches uses interactive analysis, whereas in quantitative approaches uses Paired Sample T-test.The normality test data of this study used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test by calculating the Pretest and Posttest normality tests. The normality test in Pretest obtained the largest [f(x)-s(x)] value < Kolmogorov-Smirnov table value or 0.1129 < 0.29407, which means that Ho was accepted, while the Posttest normality test obtained the value of [f(x)-s(x)] largest < Kolmogorov-Smirnov table value or 0.01357 < 0.29407, means that Ho is accepted. Based on the results of the two tests of normality it can be concluded that the results of the Pretest and Posttest are normally distributed. Data analysis using Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed that the tcount of 14.873 was greater than the 2.086 t table with a significance level of 0.05. The average value of Pretest 15.55 increased to 18.5 at Posttest. If on a scale of values from 0-100 the average Pretest of 77.75 increased to 92.50 at the Posttest. Based on the results of the two Pretest and Posttest data, it can be concluded that the hypothesis proposed by Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a difference in understanding the values of Indonesian Democracy after implementing the action by applying the Flipped Classroom method combined with the Team Games Tournament strategy for the XI MIPA 1 grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Mungkid. The difference shows an increase in the average score of understanding of Indonesian Democratic values from Pretest and Posttest using the Flipped Classroom method combination of Team Games Tournament strategy in class XI MIPA 1 students in SMA Negeri 1 Kota Mungkid. Based on the conclusions in above, implies that the understanding of Indonesian Democratic values can be improved if learning is carried out by applying the Flipped Classroom method combined with Team Games Tournament. If you want to increase the understanding of Indonesian Democratic values in students, then one alternative that can be done is to use the Flipped Classroom method combined with Team Games Tournament. Obstacles in increasing understanding of Indonesian Democratic values by applying the Flipped Classroom method combined with the Team Games Tournament strategy for students of Class XI MIPA 1 in SMA Negeri 1 Kota Mungkid, namely less than the maximum because of the very short time. An alternative solution to overcome these obstacles is that researchers are better at managing reporters and preparing backup plans so that the application of the Flipped Classroom method and Team Games Tournament strategy can be maximized. Keywords: Indonesian Democracy, Flipped Classroom, Team Games Tournament.

This study developed a structural model of classroom management, job satisfaction, and stress coping mechanisms on the performance of seven hundred twenty-eight (728) public senior high school teachers in Region X for the School Year 2018-2019. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method was used to establish a structural model that best fits their performance as influenced by independent variables. Results revealed that senior high school teachers' classroom management in teaching, discipline, and parent involvement were all highly managed. They were fairly satisfied with their working place, nature of work, and fringe benefits. Stress coping was high, specifically in their personal characteristics, job-related activities, and interpersonal relationships. Senior high school teachers performed very satisfactorily in all key result areas (KRAs): the teaching-learning process, learning outcome, community involvement, professional growth and development, and special tasks/plus factors. A highly significant relationship existed among senior high school teachers' classroom management, job satisfaction, and stress coping towards their performance. But only classroom management and stress coping best predict their performance. The best-fitting model was anchored on classroom management and stress-coping toward senior high school teachers' performance. The study revealed that classroom management correlated with stress-coping support on senior high school teachers' performance. Thus, the better the teachers' classroom management and stress-free life, the better the performance.