Abstract
More and more evidence demonstrate that epigenetic modulation plays important roles in many cellular processes and carcinogenesis. It also showed that epigenetic changes are involved in the cellular response to ionizing radiation. In current review, we will discuss the radiation-induced epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation changes, chromatin remodelling and alterations in microRNA expression, and their roles in the cellular response to ionizing radiation. The aim is to help understand the mechanisms underlying the radiation induced biological effects in cells and to find the future research interests.
Highlights
Epigenetic alterations are heritable changes underlying gene expression by regulating the structure and function of the genome that are not caused by alterations in the DNA sequence itself
DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications of the genome involving in the regulation of numerous cellular processes through gene silencing without altering DNA sequences
We think that radiation exposure can induce epigenetic changes including alterations in DNA methylation, chromatin remodelling and miRNA expression
Summary
Epigenetic alterations are heritable changes underlying gene expression by regulating the structure and function of the genome that are not caused by alterations in the DNA sequence itself. Changes in genomic DNA methylation post-irradiation and its potential correlation with cellular response have been indicated[5,6,7], and changes in expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA) have been observed following irradiation in mouse and human cells. We mainly review the DNA methylation changes, chromatin remodelling and alterations in miRNA expression, and their roles in the cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR).
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