Abstract
This study investigates the combustion characteristics of diesel–NH3–air mixture in compression ignition engine. Three different levels of ammonia energy ration (AER) were used for the investigation: 0 % AER (pure diesel), 30 % AER, and 50 % AER. Increasing AER leads to a rise in the initial peak of apparent heat release rate and promotes the prevalence of premixed combustion. Numerical simulations effectively capture the abrupt increase in maximum cylinder pressure (Pmax) from 7.4 to 7.9 MPa as AER increases from 0 to 30 %. Additionally, raising AER from 0 to 30 % extends a high-temperature region externally in the squish zone, attributed to the higher knocking propensity of the 30 % AER premixed charge. The ammonia-assisted diesel accomplish advanced diesel direct injection timing (SOID) at both heavy and medium load conditions. Under light load conditions, an increase in ITE is observed for AER = 50 % as SOID varies from −4 °CA to −10 °CA (ATDC). For medium and high load conditions, ITE monotonically increases with advancing SOID. The maximum ITE of 44.5 % is achieved at SOID = −12 °CA (ATDC) and AER = 30 %.
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