Abstract
For effective control of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses, it is important to have knowledge of the influence of abiotic and anthropogenic factors on the population density of pests, weeds and the development of diseases. Among all the factors influencing the development of Alternaria leaf spot in potato planting in the North-West of Russia, the most significant was the influence of weather conditions (55.5%). The intense development of this illness occurred in the years with the high average diurnal temperatures in the second and third decades of June along with the high level of precipitation in the first decade of July. The contribution of mineral nutrition and the integrated plant protection system turned out to be unequal, which accounted for 9.6 and 0.9%. At the same time, in some years, the application of mineral fertilizers determined the development of potato Alternaria leaf spot by 11.6–87.5%, and the implementation of protective measures – by 1.2–17.6%. The strong development of Alternaria leaf spot was influenced by the increased air temperatures in the second and third decades of June, combined with abundant humidity in the first decade of July. The introduction of complete mineral fertilization led to a significant decrease in the development of Alternaria leaf spot in potato plantings, while the effectiveness of fungicidal treatments was not high enough.
Highlights
Alternaria leaf spot is the most common potato disease worldwide
We studied the integrated plant protection system (IPPS), according to which protective measures against pests were carried out provided that the economic threshold of harmfulness was exceeded
The lack of sufficient moisture in potato plantings at a certain stage of the growing season can significantly affect the degree of manifestation of Alternaria in potato plantings
Summary
Alternaria leaf spot is the most common potato disease worldwide. According to the data of native and foreign researchers, the infection of potato plantings with Alternaria can lead to a decrease in yield by 10–50% [1, 2]. Due to climate warming, an increase in the area and zones of harm caused by Alternaria leaf spot has been observed, both in Russia and abroad [4–6] The factors limiting the development of Alternaria on potato plantings include resistant varieties and the supply of plants with the basic elements of mineral nutrition It is known about the positive effect of increased standards of nitrogen (90–100 kg/ha) and potassium, and about the negative effect of phosphor excess in the soil on the manifestation of this disease in potatoes [8, 9]
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