Abstract
The amazing tecnology of 3D imaging enables the examination of the fetal central nervous system simultaneously in the three orthogonal planes, better defining the spatial relationship of CNS structures and malformations. The multiplanar mode is utilized to navigate through the volume, observing information on a particular structure in each of the three symmetrical planes. The aim of this stuyd is to evaluate the role of 3D/4D ultrasound in assessment of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. This is prospective study including thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. 42 anomalies were detected from examination of thirty pregnant females. In addition, a higher incidence of face and neck anomalies over CNS anomalies was noted. (57.2% versus 42.8%). We concluded that 2D US remains the gold standard in assessment of fetal anomalies and 3D/4D US, along these lines, isn't a screening system however an aide to 2D US for those embryos in whom anomalies are as of now decided or associated on the premise with standard sonography.
Highlights
Congenital deformities represent 20-25% of perinatal demises
The study was done at Al Hussein University Hospital, and the cases were collected during a period starting from 1st of October 2017 to the 1st of June 2018. It was conducted on thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies
This study was conducted on thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies or with risk factors association
Summary
Congenital deformities represent 20-25% of perinatal demises. Prenatal diagnosis utilizes different noninvasive and invasive procedures to decide the wellbeing of the condition or any abnormality in an unborn fetus [1]. Techniques of fetal visualization: Noninvasive techniques; Ultrasound, Fetal echocardiography, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In Egypt, infant mortality rate due to congenital anomalies is about 15% of all infant death and leading to elevated morbidity in the neonatal period. CNS deformities are the second most common category of congenital anomaly, after congenital heart disease. The fetal face is a critical piece of the structural survey, since facial anomalies can give much data cautioning us to the likelihood of related anomalies at different levels of the fetal anatomy. It is well known that some facial and encephalic structures share the same embryologic origin [2]
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