The role and significance of negative regulatory factors in the learning and memory

Abstract

Background The exact mechanism of learning and memory is still unclear.The existing researches mainly focused on learning and memory regulatory factors,especially on positive regulatory factors.In recent years,the roles of learning and memory negative regulatory factors in correct forming and maintaining of the learning and memory have attracted most attentions.Objective Summary of the role of and significance learning and memory negative regulatory factors in the mechanism of learning and memory formation and maintainance.Content The negative regulatory factors of learning and memory mainly include protein phosphatase,cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases,transcriptional regulation factor,histone deacetylases,hippyragranin(HGN) gene and so on.They regulate learning and memory in multiple levels including the cell membrane receptors,cytoplasmic signal transduction cascade composition,transcriptional regulation of gene expression in the nucleus and cell growth and development.Trend In-depth study of learning and memory negative regulatory factors and the balance between learning and memory positive/negative regulation contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of learning and memory formation and maintainance,and searching for effective interventions. Key words: Learning and memory; Regulation; Negative