Abstract
This chapter discusses the response of cultured human normal glial cells to growth factors. Normal surface-attached animal cells in culture divide at the maximal rate only as long as free space is available. When the whole vessel surface is covered by cells, proliferation rate decreases, and a stationary phase appears at the terminal cell density. In this study, an assay system for growth factors was developed. Putative growth factors are added to serum-free human glial cell cultures, and the incorporation of tritiated thymidine is determined. The finding of a glial cell-stimulating polypeptide somatomedin B is reported. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) was found to be a potent glial cell growth promoter. Human osteosarcoma cells in culture, release a growth factor active in the glial cell assay. The factor is nondialyzable, trypsin sensitive, and fairly heat stable. The chapter discusses its possible role in the deficient growth control of the osteosarcoma cells. The major part of the growth-promoting activity of human serum was found to be platelet dependent. Serum prepared from platelet-poor plasma contained less activity than serum from platelet-rich plasma.
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