The resiliency of photovoltaic applied fuelling station in Malaysia: A dynamic urban emission displacement assessment

Abstract

The number of fuelling stations continue to increase with the growing population and demand. Low carbon building for the cities and communities concept has led to a reassessment of service provision and fuel station urbanisation using a safe and matured renewable system; solar photovoltaics. This study uses a dynamic urban emission displacement assessment considering spatial and temporal variables of a fuel retail building in Malaysia. The result shows that the carbon emission potency is not concentrated within the fuelling area; instead, it's redirected through vehicle emission, operation and maintenance. The annual emission displaced by the installed solar photovoltaic system is about 18,022 metric tonnes of CO 2 /year. The solar-integrated building has its monthly electricity cost reduced by 20% with only 70% of its roof space usage. The life cycle cost of a 50kW photovoltaic system refurbishment translates to around RM22,000 of savings per year. However, the return on investment may take about eight years. In reality, fossil fuel divestment is impossible due to its reliability, but renewable technology can improve the built environment and air quality management in the city. • Annual vehicle fuel emission is about 18 x 10 6 metric tonnes of CO 2 per station. • Vehicle displaced urban spatial-independent dynamic CO 2 emission potency. • The integrated solar photovoltaic system improves the fuelling station BEI by 90%. • A 20% reduction of commitment cost with only 70% available space occupation. • A 50kW system installation is equal to RM22,750 of savings per year.