The relationship between the use of blockchain technology and the accountability and reporting

Purpose. The purpose is to reveal the theoretical and practical aspects of the implementation and application of blockchain technology in the economic activity of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the economic feasibility of their implementation and determining the system of elements of the implementation of blockchain technology in agriculture. Methodology / approach. The following methods were used during the research: analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction – when determining the goal and formulating research conclusions; comparative, calculation, statistical and graphic – when evaluating, analyzing, comparing and determining the current state of implementation of blockchain technology in the economic activity of agricultural enterprises. The method of surveying agricultural producers regarding their awareness of blockchain technology and the benefits of its application was also used. The research used: a theoretical approach (based on the analysis of theoretical aspects of blockchain technology and its application in agriculture) and a practical approach (on the basis of the proposed methodology, the economic feasibility of using blockchain technology in the economic activity of an agricultural enterprise was determined). Results. The main areas of influence of blockchain technology in agriculture have been determined. It has been established that every year the amount of funding for the implementation of blockchain technology is increasing, and the reasons are identified. The world experience of implementing blockchain technology in the economic activity of agricultural producers is considered. The results of a survey of agricultural producers of the Mykolaiv and Kirovohrad regions regarding their awareness of blockchain technology and the benefits of its implementation are highlighted. The objective reasons that affect the implementation of blockchain technology in agricultural production are determined and ways of its popularization are proposed. An action algorithm for the introduction of blockchain technology for agricultural producers has been developed. Agricultural producers who are potentially ready and financially able to implement this technology in their activities have been identified. The main factors affecting the cost of implementing blockchain technology in agricultural production have been identified. A methodology for calculating the economic feasibility of implementing blockchain technology according to optimistic and pessimistic options is proposed, and the calculation of the net present value, payback period, discounted payback period of the project, internal rate of return and the rate of return on the example of a specific enterprise of the Mykolaiv region is carried out. Based on theoretical and practical approaches, a system of elements for implementing this technology in agriculture has been developed. Originality / scientific novelty. The novelty consists in the implementation of a comprehensive theoretical study of the problems and prospects of the implementation of blockchain technology in agriculture; for the first time, a system of elements for the implementation of blockchain technology in agriculture was developed; an algorithm of actions for agricultural enterprises that plan to implement this technology was improved; a methodology for calculating the economic feasibility of implementing blockchain technology in an agricultural enterprise was proposed. Practical value / significance. The results can be used in the process of decision-making by business entities regarding the implementation of blockchain technology and the calculation of its economic feasibility, during the optimization of the processes of management of production, financing, supply chains, etc., as well as by scientists, government bodies and other entities that are interested in implementation of blockchain technology in agriculture.

Blockchain technology has gained attention as a potential solution for improving data security, privacy, and interoperability in various industries, including healthcare. In the field of dentistry, the implementation of blockchain holds promise for transforming dental practice and management. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the existing literature regarding the implementation of blockchain technology in dental practice is lacking. This systematic review aimed to assess the current evidence on the implementation of blockchain technology in dental practice and management. A systematic literature search was conducted using major databases to identify relevant studies. The search strategy included keywords related to blockchain technology and dentistry. The investigation was performed as per the PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting on the implementation, adoption, and outcomes of blockchain technology in dental practice and management were included. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed following predefined criteria. The initial search yielded a multitude of articles, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six studies were included in the systematic review. The studies explored various aspects of blockchain technology implementation in dental practice, including data security, interoperability, supply chain management, and patient consent management. Furthermore, the use of blockchain-based systems showed potential benefits in enhancing supply chain management efficiency and patient consent authentication. This systematic review provided insights into the current state of blockchain technology implementation in dental practice and management. The findings suggested that blockchain technology has the potential to enhance data security, privacy, and interoperability in dental practices. However, further research and real-world implementation studies are needed to fully understand the impact of blockchain technology on dental practice and to address the existing challenges.

Who should adopt blockchain? The interplay between blockchain adoption and online channel under competition

PurposeThe aim of this study is to examine the influence of consumer preferences for overseas green products and the implementation of blockchain technology on the performance of a supply chain, which comprises an overseas manufacturer and a domestic e-commerce platform. This research endeavors to identify the optimal pricing decisions and strategies for both the manufacturer and the platform in the context of the expanding e-commerce and globalization of the economy.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose and analyze four distinct models based on the selection of selling contracts by the manufacturer and the adoption strategy of blockchain by the platform, using game theory to obtain the optimal solutions for these models.FindingsThe authors show that consumer migration promotes the manufacturer's green inputs, while the expansion of green consumer proportion is not conducive to it. They also show that blockchain technology has the potential to effectively limit manufacturer cannibalization. Interestingly, the study reveals a cascading effect of advantage where the manufacturer's profit variation trend changes only with the integration of pricing power advantage and blockchain technology inputs. This effect suggests that the equilibrium strategy is achievable under the agency contract with blockchain adoption, while Pareto improvement can be obtained with blockchain technology under both selling contracts.Research limitations/implicationsThis research could be extended in several possible directions. First, future work could explore outsourcing strategies for overseas manufacturers. Second, more types of consumer heterogeneity and different risk preferences could be considered. Third, this study can be extended by further exploring the design of mechanisms under asymmetric demand information to make the model more realistic.Originality/valueThe authors examine the impact of market segmentation and consumer preferences on green supply chain decisions, and analyze supply chain members' strategic choices for selling contracts and blockchain adoptions. The research also sheds light on the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of green supply chain development and blockchain applications.

A consensus has emerged that corporations have societal and environmental responsibilities when operating transnationally. However, how exactly corporations can be held legally accountable for their transgressions, if at all, is less clear. This volume inquires how regulatory tools stemming from international law, public law, and private law may or may not be used for transnational corporate accountability purposes. Attention is devoted to applicable standards of liability, institutional and jurisdictional issues, and practical challenges, with a focus on ways to improve the existing legal status quo. In addition, there is consideration of the extent to which non-legal regulatory instruments may complement or provide more viable alternatives to these legal mechanisms. The book combines legaldoctrinal approaches with comparative, interdisciplinary, and policy insights with the dual aim of furthering the legal scholarly debate on these issues and enabling higher quality decision-making by policymakers seeking to implement regulatory measures that enhance corporate accountability in this context. Through its study of contemporary developments in legislation and case law, it provides a timely and important contribution to the scholarly and sociopolitical debate in the fastevolving field of international corporate social responsibility and accountability.

Blockchain has garnered the most attention as the most important new technology that supports recent digital transactions via e-government. The most critical challenge for public e-government systems is reducing bureaucracy and increasing the efficiency and performance of administrative processes in these systems since blockchain technology can play a role in a decentralized environment and execute a high level of security transactions and transparency. So, the main objectives of this work are to survey different proposed models for e-government system architecture based on blockchain technology implementation and how these models are validated. This work studies and analyzes some research trends focused on blockchain and the future of e-governance for connecting citizens and smart cities, such as Using Blockchain in the Notarial Office (NO), using blockchain technology in the management of police complaints, exploring blockchain-enabled end-to-end security e-voting, using blockchain and smart contract technology for trusted and safe property registration and record management, and using a blockchain-enabled Vehicle Certification (BVC) framework. Finally, this work has proven that the issue of transforming governments from the traditional system to electronic governments based on blockchain technology has become an inevitable matter of time.

Surges in the use of e-commerce channels, together with smartphone apps, have catalysed the rise of business-to-consumer commerce, changed the nature of businesses and the way they generate value. These emerging innovations also modified the nature of brand marketing, making it easier to have a larger scope and more targeting to improve brand confidence and increase consumer loyalty. Today, the Internet makes it possible for businesses to go further into their current markets, develop new virtual markets and create new demand. Such diverse consumer interaction uses emerging tools to concentrate on the audience in more granular ways. In this study, the use of Blockchain technology is discussed as it is projected to affect digital marketing practices. Blockchain technology promotes disintermediation, combats click manipulation, fortifies trust and accountability, guarantees privacy safety, empowers security and encourages loyalty services that deliver exclusive experiences to their consumers. We demonstrate how Blockchain technology functions as an evolutionary breakthrough that empowers a consumer-centric mentality. In this chapter, we look at the potential of Blockchain technology from a marketing point of view. To understand the role of trust in Blockchain adoption in digital marketing, peer-reviewed articles were selected using the following search terms: ‘Blockchain’, ‘big data’ and ‘digital marketing’. This review of the literature found that trust is a key driver to consumer–brand relations when implementing Blockchain technology in digital marketing.KeywordsBlockchainTechnologyTrustDigital marketingAdvertisingMarketing industry

This paper explores the integration of blockchain technology to enhance security and transparency in telecommunications. The objective is to investigate how blockchain can address critical challenges such as data breaches, fraud, and lack of transparency that plague the telecommunications sector. The research methodology involves a comprehensive literature review, case studies, and expert interviews to understand the current state of telecommunications security and transparency issues. Additionally, a conceptual framework is developed to demonstrate the application of blockchain technology in mitigating these challenges. Key findings indicate that blockchain technology, with its decentralized and immutable ledger, offers significant advantages in ensuring data integrity, secure transactions, and transparent processes within telecommunications networks. The study highlights successful implementations of blockchain in areas such as identity management, fraud prevention, and secure data sharing. Furthermore, the paper identifies potential obstacles to blockchain adoption, including scalability issues, regulatory hurdles, and the need for industry-wide standards. The conclusions emphasize that while blockchain technology presents a promising solution to enhance security and transparency in telecommunications, its successful implementation requires a collaborative effort among stakeholders, including telecom operators, technology providers, and regulators. The paper recommends further research into overcoming technical and regulatory challenges, as well as pilot projects to validate the proposed framework. Ultimately, the integration of blockchain technology in telecommunications can lead to more secure and transparent networks, fostering trust and innovation in the industry. Keywords: Blockchain Technology, Telecommunications, Security, Transparency, Fraud Prevention, Scalability, Interoperability, Regulatory Compliance, Decentralized Ledger, Smart Contracts, Industry Collaboration, AI Integration, IoT Integration, Public-Private Partnerships, Quantum-Resistant Cryptography, Privacy-Preserving Techniques, Sharding, Layer-Two Solutions, Data Protection, Innovative Solutions.

The main goal of the study is to substantiate the conceptual aspects of the implementation of blockchain technologies in logistics with argumentation of the main problems and development prospects. A critical and scientific-methodological analysis of existing learning in the field of introduction of blockchain technologies allowed us to argue the relevance and relevance of this learning. A critical and scientific-methodological analysis of existing learning in the field of evolution of blockchain technologies allowed us to argue the relevance and relevance of this research. Current trends in the introduction of blockchain technologies and their application in all areas and types of activities of modern companies at the global level are stated. The key advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technologies are structured. The main directions and types of blockchain technologies with their subsequent introduction in the logistics activities of companies are argued. To argue the specifics of implementing blockchain technologies in logistics and identifying the main problems and evolution prospects, multidimensional cluster analysis tools were used. The trends in the evolution of logistics activities in countries around the world based on blockchain technologies are assessed. Formalized main prospects for the development of blockchain technologies in the logistics activities of companies. The main business cases for the use and integration of blockchain technologies in logistics by world-class companies are classified. The obtained learning results have their practical value and recommendations for company managers regarding the effective assessment and organization of processes for the application of blockchain technologies in the logistics activities of current companies.

PurposeAdoption of blockchain technology (BT) leads to shrinking supply chains, produces a better quality product, saves product development time and increases the customized offering to the customer. Since it is a new and growing area of research, researchers and practitioners are not entirely aware of challenges in the adoption of BT in supply chain (SC). Therefore, the objective of this research is to provide an overview of BT in SC and modeling of challenges in the adoption of BT in SC.Design/methodology/approachInterpretive structural modeling (ISM) is used to model the challenges of adoption of BT in SC. Challenges are identified by the literature review and verified by expert's opinions.FindingsThis study presents some key challenges, i.e. to develop trust within SC management system, obey the governance rules and regulations of institution while implementation of BT in SC, provide transparency of data, obtain tamperproof data to avoid fraud, improve coordination and information sharing among the SC partners, choose a profit-earning product SC for adoption of BT, adopt societal changes and train the participants to strengthen behavioral intention towards adoption of BT in SC. Additionally, interrelationships among the challenges have been identified. This work discusses potential implications based on challenges and provides a platform for the adoption of BT in SC.Originality/valueThe interrelations of the challenges will provide valuable understandings for developing BT solutions in SC to the practitioners.

The demand for secure transactions is crucial in today’s digital era. With its decentralised and immutable features, blockchain technology emerges as a transformative solution for ensuring transparent and reliable agreements. This paper studies the relationship between non-technological barriers in blockchain adoption using Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM). To understand the level of driving and dependence power of each barrier, a Fuzzy Matriced’ Impacts Croise ́s Multiplication Applique ́e a ́ un Classement (MICMAC) was implemented. The main result was a conceptual framework that clarified the barriers’ hierarchy and revealed a prioritisation order. We illustrate the final model using it to discuss a real case of blockchain failure implementation at TradeLens, a joint venture conceived by A.P. Moller - Maersk and IBM, which is considered the most ambitious story involving blockchain technology aimed at the supply chain. This proposed framework, analysed through real-world case data, offers valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners in developing effective strategies to address the non-technological barriers commonly encountered when implementing blockchain technology in supply chains.

Developing supply chain performance (SCP) has been a significant challenge in the present era, specifically in manufacturing firms. Hence, implementing blockchain technology within the firms makes it possible to address these challenges. The present study explores the role of blockchain adoption (BA) towards supply chain innovation capabilities (SCICs), competitive performance (CP), SCP, and supply chain integration (SCI) among the managerial-level employees of manufacturing firms in Egypt. The study is quantitative and followed scholars like Jum’a (2023), Wamba et al. (2020), and Sheel and Nath (2019). The study applied convenience sampling techniques and gathered data through a survey tool. The study utilizes 324 valid cases to infer the outcomes. The path analysis suggests a positive impact of BA on SCICs, SCP, CP, and SCI. Besides, the effect of SCICs and CP on SCP appears positive. On the other hand, the study found a negative effect of SCI on SCP among the managerial-level employees of Egyptian manufacturing firms. The company supports manufacturing and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in enhancing performance by adopting efficient blockchain technology. Moreover, by adopting blockchain technology, the organization would improve its supply chain practices and generate massive productivity and profit.

Nigeria’s financial sector can achieve significant benefits through blockchain technology because it strengthens data protection and reduces fraud likelihood and introduces total transaction visibility to the financial environment. Numerous obstacles prevent this groundbreaking technology adoption because officials in charge remain indecisive about the use of blockchain and professionals in the sector fail at understanding blockchain. Additionally, there are technological hurdles and funding constraints together with regulatory complexities. The research examines blockchain technology implementation in Nigerian financial operations by reviewing its economic benefits and discussing adoption obstacles across financial networks. The research adopts qualitative documentary analysis as its methodology to study blockchain implementation in financial institutions through academic peer-reviewed studies and industrial reports with field-relevant case studies. Banking security and broad financial accessibility improve through blockchain technology based on evidence from this study yet investors need to navigate through unknown challenges since existing rules provide insufficient regulatory guidelines in blockchain fields. Both infrastructure deficiencies and low internet penetration rates in different regions as well as minimal technical proficiency of professionals slow down the integration and deployment of blockchain methods. For blockchain technology implementation to succeed there needs to be policy adjustments and improvements to digital infrastructure while also developing specific blockchain training programs to increase understanding and literacy among people. The study provides fundamental information about blockchain adoption basics in Nigeria's financial sector as well as guidelines to optimize data protection and economic sustainability.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an extensive examination and analysis of the current literature on the use of blockchain technology in courts. The paper aims to explore the potential benefits of implementing blockchain technology in courts, such as increasing transparency and accountability, improving the efficiency of court procedures and enhancing the security of court records. Additionally, the paper intends to identify the challenges and limitations of using blockchain technology in courts and propose potential solutions to overcome these obstacles. The ultimate goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential applications and implications of blockchain technology in the context of the court system.Design/methodology/approachThe research design of this study is qualitative, involving a thorough examination and analysis of existing literature on the use of blockchain technology in courts. The data collection procedure involves gathering information from various sources, such as academic publications, official reports and other relevant records. Data analysis is conducted using a thematic analysis approach, which identifies and categorizes recurring themes that emerge from the data. This approach ensures that the results are credible, dependable and accurate representations of the experiences of the participants. By using these methodologies, the study is able to draw meaningful conclusions and insights into the use of blockchain technology in courts.FindingsThe major findings of this paper suggest that the implementation of blockchain technology in courts has the potential to bring significant benefits such as increased transparency, efficiency and security. The use of blockchain technology in courts can enable the creation of tamper-proof records that are immutable, secure and transparent, which can help prevent fraud, reduce costs and enhance trust in the judicial system. However, adopting this technology also poses challenges and limitations, such as interoperability, governance and scalability. Overall, the paper concludes that while there are challenges to be addressed, the benefits of blockchain technology in courts are significant and should be explored further.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has several limitations that need to be taken into account. Firstly, the availability of data on blockchain implementation in the court system is limited, making it challenging to provide a comprehensive analysis of the topic. Thus, the study’s findings may not be generalizable to other contexts. Secondly, the study takes a technology-centric approach and does not consider blockchain technology’s social and legal implications in court operations. Thirdly, the case studies presented in this paper are limited to a few countries. Moreover, the implementation of blockchain technology in the court system is still in its early stages and lacks standardization, technical expertise and regulatory frameworks. Lastly, uncertainty around the legal framework may hinder its widespread adoption and use.Practical implicationsThe practical implications of this study suggest that the use of blockchain technology in courts has the potential to improve efficiency, security, transparency and accountability in the court system. It can reduce the risk of data tampering, expedite case resolution and lower the cost of legal proceedings. Therefore, this study provides a framework for courts to consider blockchain technology’s potential benefits and explore its future adoption.Social implicationsThe social implications of this study are significant, as the adoption of blockchain technology in the court system can have a profound impact on society. Firstly, by increasing transparency and accountability, blockchain technology can promote public trust in the court system and improve access to justice, particularly for disadvantaged communities (Liu et al., 2020). Secondly, blockchain technology can reduce the reliance on intermediaries, such as lawyers, and streamline the case management process, making legal services more accessible and affordable for the general public (Khurana, 2020). Finally, the use of blockchain technology can create a more secure and efficient court system, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the judicial system and promoting public confidence.Originality/valueThis study provides an original contribution to the literature by exploring the use of blockchain technology in courts from a qualitative research design perspective. While there are a growing number of studies on the potential applications of blockchain technology in various fields, this study provides a comprehensive examination of the current literature on the use of blockchain in courts, identifying the benefits and limitations of its implementation. The study’s focus on the strengths and limitations of blockchain technology and its implications in court adds to the originality of this research.

Данная статья посвящена исследованию экономических аспектов применения блокчейн-технологий в управлении производственными цепочками. В последние годы блокчейн зарекомендовал себя как перспективный инструмент для улучшения прозрачности, безопасности и эффективности различных бизнес-процессов. В частности, его внедрение в управление производственными цепочками может кардинально преобразить традиционные методы ведения бизнеса, снизить издержки и повысить конкурентоспособность компаний. Целью данного исследования является выявление и анализ ключевых экономических преимуществ и вызовов, связанных с использованием блокчейна в производственных цепочках. В рамках исследования проведен обзор текущей литературы, касающейся внедрения блокчейн-технологий в различные секторы экономики. Также рассмотрены конкретные кейсы и примеры успешной интеграции блокчейна в производственные процессы крупных международных компаний. Основные результаты исследования показывают, что блокчейн способен значительно улучшить управление цепочками поставок за счет автоматизации процессов, устранения посредников и сокращения времени на выполнение операций. Это, в свою очередь, приводит к сокращению операционных издержек и снижению рисков мошенничества. Кроме того, блокчейн обеспечивает высокий уровень прозрачности и надежности данных, что существенно повышает доверие между участниками цепочки поставок. Однако, несмотря на многочисленные преимущества, внедрение блокчейна также сопряжено с рядом вызовов. Среди них можно выделить высокие первоначальные затраты на разработку и интеграцию технологий, ограничения в масштабируемости сети и необходимость создания новой нормативно-правовой базы для регулирования работы блокчейнов. Заключение статьи подчеркивает, что для успешного внедрения блокчейн-технологий в управление производственными цепочками требуется комплексный подход, включающий координацию усилий всех заинтересованных сторон, инвестиции в обучение и развитие компетенций, а также проведение дальнейших исследований для выявления оптимальных стратегий использования данной технологии. This article is dedicated to the study of the economic aspects of applying blockchain technologies in supply chain management. In recent years, blockchain has established itself as a promising tool for improving the transparency, security, and efficiency of various business processes. In particular, its implementation in supply chain management can radically transform traditional business methods, reduce costs, and increase the competitiveness of companies. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the key economic benefits and challenges associated with the use of blockchain in supply chains. The study includes a review of current literature on the implementation of blockchain technologies in various economic sectors. Specific cases and examples of successful blockchain integration in the production processes of large international companies are also considered. The main results of the study show that blockchain can significantly improve supply chain management by automating processes, eliminating intermediaries, and reducing the time required for operations. This, in turn, leads to a reduction in operational costs and a decrease in fraud risks. Additionally, blockchain provides a high level of data transparency and reliability, which significantly increases trust among supply chain participants. However, despite numerous advantages, the implementation of blockchain also comes with several challenges. These include high initial costs for technology development and integration, network scalability limitations, and the need to create a new regulatory framework for blockchain operations. The conclusion of the article emphasizes that successful implementation of blockchain technologies in supply chain management requires a comprehensive approach, including the coordination of efforts among all stakeholders, investments in training and competency development, and further research to identify optimal strategies for using this technology.