Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the gallbladder tumor tissues and clinicopathological features and prognosis, as well as the impact on the migration, invasion of gallbladder cancer cells. Methods Immunohistochemical method was performed to detect expression of MIF in tissue microarray of gallbladder, including seventy-eight tumor tissues and seventeen inflammation tissues from Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Fudan University. The connection between the expression of MIF and clinicopathologic factors was analyzed, such as age, gender, pathological staging, TNM staging, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis. The overall survival between MIF positive-expression and MIF negative-expression were compared. Cox multiple regression model was introduced to indicate essential prognostic factor for gallbladder cancer. Then, the migration and invasion of gallbladder cancer cells (GBC-SD, NOZ) were analyzed by Transwell method using plasmid-induced overexpression of MIF. Results The expression of MIF in gallbladder tumor tissues was higher than that in inflammation tissue (4.45±3.74 vs. 2.14±2.05, P<0.05) and it was significantly correlated with T staging (P<0.05)and TNM staging (P<0.05). Furthermore, patients with positive-expression of MIF had a shorter median survival time (9 vs. 13, P<0.05). MIF could be an independent prognostic factor for gallbladder cancer (P<0.05). Migration and invasion in GBC-SD and NOZ were increased [(125.00±11.36) cells vs. (62.67±17.16) cells, P<0.05; (145.00±17.58) cells vs. (78.00±13.75) cells, P<0.05), (116.00±5.69) cells vs. (68.00±10.82) cells, P<0.05; (156.00±12.29) cells vs. (82.00±8.54) cells, P<0.05]. Conclusion MIF is overexpressed in gallbladder tumor tissues with a negative influence on prognosis, and can promote the migration and invasion in gallbladder cancer cells. Key words: Gallbladder cancer; Macrophage migration inhibitory factor; Prognosis
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