Abstract
The healthy water resources are necessary and essential prerequisite for environmental protection and economic development, political, social and cultural rights of Iran. In this research, water quality parameters i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium absorption rate (SAR), electrical conductivity (EC), Na+, Cl-, CO32-, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, pH, HCO3- and SO42- during 2010-2011 were obtained from Iranian Water Resources Research Institute in water quality measurement stations on Mazandaran province, Iran. Then, the most important catchment characteristics (area, mean slope, mean height, base flow index, annual rainfall, land cover, and geology) were determined on water quality parameters using stepwise regression via backwards method in the 63 selected rivers. The results showed that sodium absorption rate (SAR), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), Na+ and Cl- parameters are strongly linked to geology characteristics, while K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ cations is linked to rainfall and geology characteristics. pH and HCO3- are related to area, rainfall, land cover and geology characteristics, CO32- is related to area, rainfall, rangeland area and geology characteristics and SO42- is related to area, rainfall, range and bar land area and geology characteristics. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was used for modeling the selected catchment characteristics and water quality parameters. The ANFIS models have a high Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) and low root mean squares error (RMSE) to estimate water quality parameters.
Highlights
Clean water is an essential prerequisite for environmental protection and economic development, political, social and cultural development of a country [1]
This study aims to identify the most important factors affecting water quality parameters and to Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 2019;8(3):107-111 determine the relationship between water quality parameters and characteristics of the watersheds of rivers using Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in Mazandaran province
The highest value of total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), Cl, K+, Na+ and sodium absorption rate (SAR) were observed in Baleyran stations, pH in Dinarsara station, CO32- in Mashalahabad station, HCO3- in Sarokola station, SO42- and Mg2+ in Khatirkuh station and Ca2+ in Pol-e Mergen station
Summary
Clean water is an essential prerequisite for environmental protection and economic development, political, social and cultural development of a country [1]. Several indirect methods to simulate natural systems, estimates more accurate, more comprehensive and more complex calculations using a computer has been invented. There are many models for predicting water quality parameters including white box and black box models Among these use of the statistical methods to predict water quality parameters, in terms of taking into account the characteristics of the watershed and lack of complexity of white-box models has attracted the researchers [4]. This study aims to identify the most important factors affecting water quality parameters and to Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 2019;8(3):107111 determine the relationship between water quality parameters and characteristics of the watersheds of rivers using ANFIS in Mazandaran province
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